William Schuler

Evaluating Humanlike Memory Effects in Transformers Using Item Recognition Tasks CoNLL 2026 Surprisal from Larger Transformer-based Language Models Predicts fMRI Data More Poorly EACL 2026 Are Larger Language Models Better at Disambiguation? NAACL 2025 How Well Does First-Token Entropy Approximate Word Entropy as a Psycholinguistic Predictor? IJCNLP 2025 Linear Recency Bias During Training Improves Transformers’ Fit to Reading Times COLING 2025 The Impact of Token Granularity on the Predictive Power of Language Model Surprisal ACL 2025 The Inverse Scaling Effect of Pre-Trained Language Model Surprisal Is Not Due to Data Leakage ACL 2025 Categorial Grammar Induction with Stochastic Category Selection COLING 2024 Frequency Explains the Inverse Correlation of Large Language Models’ Size, Training Data Amount, and Surprisal’s Fit to Reading Times EACL 2024 Leading Whitespaces of Language Models’ Subword Vocabulary Pose a Confound for Calculating Word Probabilities EMNLP 2024 Categorial grammar induction from raw data ACL 2023 Token-wise Decomposition of Autoregressive Language Model Hidden States for Analyzing Model Predictions ACL 2023 Transformer-Based Language Model Surprisal Predicts Human Reading Times Best with About Two Billion Training Tokens EMNLP 2023 Entropy- and Distance-Based Predictors From GPT-2 Attention Patterns Predict Reading Times Over and Above GPT-2 Surprisal EMNLP 2022 Character-based PCFG Induction for Modeling the Syntactic Acquisition of Morphologically Rich Languages EMNLP 2021 Contributions of Propositional Content and Syntactic Category Information in Sentence Processing NAACL 2021 Coreference-aware Surprisal Predicts Brain Response EMNLP 2021 Surprisal Estimators for Human Reading Times Need Character Models ACL 2021 Coreference information guides human expectations during natural reading COLING 2020 Grounded PCFG Induction with Images AACL 2020 Memory-bounded Neural Incremental Parsing for Psycholinguistic Prediction ACL 2020 The Importance of Category Labels in Grammar Induction with Child-directed Utterances ACL 2020 Unsupervised Learning of PCFGs with Normalizing Flow ACL 2019 Variance of Average Surprisal: A Better Predictor for Quality of Grammar from Unsupervised PCFG Induction ACL 2019 Deconvolutional Time Series Regression: A Technique for Modeling Temporally Diffuse Effects EMNLP 2018 Depth-bounding is effective: Improvements and evaluation of unsupervised PCFG induction EMNLP 2018 Memory-Bounded Left-Corner Unsupervised Grammar Induction on Child-Directed Input COLING 2016 OCLSP at SemEval-2016 Task 9: Multilayered LSTM as a Neural Semantic Dependency Parser SemEval 2016 OSU_CHGCG at SemEval-2016 Task 9 : Chinese Semantic Dependency Parsing with Generalized Categorial Grammar SemEval 2016 A Comparison of Word Similarity Performance Using Explanatory and Non-explanatory Texts NAACL 2015 Hierarchic syntax improves reading time prediction NAACL 2015 An Analysis of Frequency- and Memory-Based Processing Costs NAACL 2013 Accurate Unbounded Dependency Recovery using Generalized Categorial Grammars COLING 2012 A Pronoun Anaphora Resolution System based on Factorial Hidden Markov Models ACL 2011 Incremental Syntactic Language Models for Phrase-based Translation ACL 2011 Complexity Metrics in an Incremental Right-Corner Parser ACL 2010 Parsing Speech Repair without Specialized Grammar Symbols ACL 2009 Positive Results for Parsing with a Bounded Stack using a Model-Based Right-Corner Transform NAACL 2009 A Syntactic Time-Series Model for Parsing Fluent and Disfluent Speech COLING 2008 A Unified Syntactic Model for Parsing Fluent and Disfluent Speech ACL 2008 Toward a Psycholinguistically-Motivated Model of Language Processing COLING 2008 Using Model-Theoretic Semantic Interpretation to Guide Statistical Parsing and Word Recognition in a Spoken Language Interface ACL 2003 Interleaved Semantic Interpretation in Environment-based Parsing COLING 2002 Computational Properties of Environment-based Disambiguation ACL 2001 Multi-Component TAG and Notions of Formal Power ACL 2000