ACL 2025

4,141 papers

Unveiling the Potential of BERT-family: A New Recipe for Building Scalable, General and Competitive Large Language Models

Yisheng Xiao, Juntao Li, Wenpeng Hu, Zhunchen Luo, Min Zhang

Hanging in the Balance: Pivotal Moments in Crisis Counseling Conversations

Vivian Nguyen, Lillian Lee, Cristian Danescu-Niculescu-Mizil

GETReason: Enhancing Image Context Extraction through Hierarchical Multi-Agent Reasoning

Shikhhar Siingh, Abhinav Rawat, Chitta Baral, Vivek Gupta

From Perceptions to Decisions: Wildfire Evacuation Decision Prediction with Behavioral Theory-informed LLMs

Ruxiao Chen, Chenguang Wang, Yuran Sun, Xilei Zhao, Susu Xu

Time-MQA: Time Series Multi-Task Question Answering with Context Enhancement

Yaxuan Kong, Yiyuan Yang, Yoontae Hwang, Wenjie Du, Stefan Zohren

Sandcastles in the Storm: Revisiting the (Im)possibility of Strong Watermarking

Fabrice Y Harel-Canada, Boran Erol, Connor Choi, Jason Liu, Gary Jiarui Song

The Task Shield: Enforcing Task Alignment to Defend Against Indirect Prompt Injection in LLM Agents

Feiran Jia, Tong Wu, Xin Qin, Anna Squicciarini

Beyond True or False: Retrieval-Augmented Hierarchical Analysis of Nuanced Claims

Priyanka Kargupta, Runchu Tian, Jiawei Han

Synergizing Unsupervised Episode Detection with LLMs for Large-Scale News Events

Priyanka Kargupta, Yunyi Zhang, Yizhu Jiao, Siru Ouyang, Jiawei Han

Programming by Example meets Historical Linguistics: A Large Language Model Based Approach to Sound Law Induction

Atharva Naik, Darsh Agrawal, Hong Sng, Clayton Marr, Kexun Zhang

SEE: Strategic Exploration and Exploitation for Cohesive In-Context Prompt Optimization

Wendi Cui, Jiaxin Zhang, Zhuohang Li, Hao Sun, Damien Lopez

Bregman Conditional Random Fields: Sequence Labeling with Parallelizable Inference Algorithms

Caio Corro, Mathieu Lacroix, Joseph Le Roux

Reconsidering LLM Uncertainty Estimation Methods in the Wild

Yavuz Faruk Bakman, Duygu Nur Yaldiz, Sungmin Kang, Tuo Zhang, Baturalp Buyukates

EditInspector: A Benchmark for Evaluation of Text-Guided Image Edits

Ron Yosef, Yonatan Bitton, Dani Lischinski, Moran Yanuka

Dialectal Coverage And Generalization in Arabic Speech Recognition

Amirbek Djanibekov, Hawau Olamide Toyin, Raghad Alshalan, Abdullah Alatir, Hanan Aldarmaki

FinMME: Benchmark Dataset for Financial Multi-Modal Reasoning Evaluation

Junyu Luo, Zhizhuo Kou, Liming Yang, Xiao Luo, Jinsheng Huang

Structure-aware Domain Knowledge Injection for Large Language Models

Kai Liu, Ze Chen, Zhihang Fu, Wei Zhang, Rongxin Jiang

Class Distillation with Mahalanobis Contrast: An Efficient Training Paradigm for Pragmatic Language Understanding Tasks

Chenlu Wang, Weimin Lyu, Ritwik Banerjee

Hierarchical Memory Organization for Wikipedia Generation

Eugene J. Yu, Dawei Zhu, Yifan Song, Xiangyu Wong, Jiebin Zhang

Tree-of-Debate: Multi-Persona Debate Trees Elicit Critical Thinking for Scientific Comparative Analysis

Priyanka Kargupta, Ishika Agarwal, Tal August, Jiawei Han

Bypass Back-propagation: Optimization-based Structural Pruning for Large Language Models via Policy Gradient

Yuan Gao, Zujing Liu, Weizhong Zhang, Bo Du, Gui-Song Xia

DeepReview: Improving LLM-based Paper Review with Human-like Deep Thinking Process

Minjun Zhu, Yixuan Weng, Linyi Yang, Yue Zhang

Cross-Lingual Auto Evaluation for Assessing Multilingual LLMs

Sumanth Doddapaneni, Mohammed Safi Ur Rahman Khan, Dilip Venkatesh, Raj Dabre, Anoop Kunchukuttan

MDCure: A Scalable Pipeline for Multi-Document Instruction-Following

Gabrielle Kaili-May Liu, Bowen Shi, Avi Caciularu, Idan Szpektor, Arman Cohan

Language Model Probabilities are Not Calibrated in Numeric Contexts

Charles Lovering, Michael Krumdick, Viet Dac Lai, Varshini Reddy, Seth Ebner

Data Caricatures: On the Representation of African American Language in Pretraining Corpora

Nicholas Deas, Blake Vente, Amith Ananthram, Jessica A Grieser, Desmond U. Patton

How LLMs Comprehend Temporal Meaning in Narratives: A Case Study in Cognitive Evaluation of LLMs

Karin de Langis, Jong Inn Park, Andreas Schramm, Bin Hu, Khanh Chi Le

DRPruning: Efficient Large Language Model Pruning through Distributionally Robust Optimization

Hexuan Deng, Wenxiang Jiao, Xuebo Liu, Jing Li, Min Zhang

CoachMe: Decoding Sport Elements with a Reference-Based Coaching Instruction Generation Model

Wei-Hsin Yeh, Yu-An Su, Chih-Ning Chen, Yi-Hsueh Lin, Calvin Ku

SDD: Self-Degraded Defense against Malicious Fine-tuning

Zixuan Chen, Weikai Lu, Xin lin, Ziqian Zeng

Performance Gap in Entity Knowledge Extraction Across Modalities in Vision Language Models

Ido Cohen, Daniela Gottesman, Mor Geva, Raja Giryes

Diversity Explains Inference Scaling Laws: Through a Case Study of Minimum Bayes Risk Decoding

Hidetaka Kamigaito, Hiroyuki Deguchi, Yusuke Sakai, Katsuhiko Hayashi, Taro Watanabe

Language Models, Graph Searching, and Supervision Adulteration: When More Supervision is Less and How to Make More More

Arvid Frydenlund

Towards Better Value Principles for Large Language Model Alignment: A Systematic Evaluation and Enhancement

Bingbing Xu, Jing Yao, Xiaoyuan Yi, Aishan Maoliniyazi, Xing Xie

𝒜3: Automatic Alignment Framework for Attributed Text Generation

Yue Wang, Haoke Zhang, Juntao Li, Jinxiong Chang, Min Zhang

From Neurons to Semantics: Evaluating Cross-Linguistic Alignment Capabilities of Large Language Models via Neurons Alignment

Chongxuan Huang, Yongshi Ye, Biao Fu, Qifeng Su, Xiaodong Shi

SEAL: Scaling to Emphasize Attention for Long-Context Retrieval

Changhun Lee, Minsang Seok, Jun-gyu Jin, YoungHyun Cho, Eunhyeok Park

Robust Utility-Preserving Text Anonymization Based on Large Language Models

Tianyu Yang, Xiaodan Zhu, Iryna Gurevych

PopAlign: Diversifying Contrasting Patterns for a More Comprehensive Alignment

Zekun Moore Wang, Shenzhi Wang, King Zhu, Jiaheng Liu, Ke Xu

Reviving Cultural Heritage: A Novel Approach for Comprehensive Historical Document Restoration

Yuyi Zhang, Peirong Zhang, Zhenhua Yang, Pengyu Yan, Yongxin Shi

Divide-Then-Aggregate: An Efficient Tool Learning Method via Parallel Tool Invocation

Dongsheng Zhu, Weixian Shi, Zhengliang Shi, Zhaochun Ren, Shuaiqiang Wang

LLMs Trust Humans More, That’s a Problem! Unveiling and Mitigating the Authority Bias in Retrieval-Augmented Generation

Yuxuan Li, Xinwei Guo, Jiashi Gao, Guanhua Chen, Xiangyu Zhao

Know Your Mistakes: Towards Preventing Overreliance on Task-Oriented Conversational AI Through Accountability Modeling

Suvodip Dey, Yi-Jyun Sun, Gokhan Tur, Dilek Hakkani-Tur

ERU-KG: Efficient Reference-aligned Unsupervised Keyphrase Generation

Lam Thanh Do, Aaditya Bodke, Pritom Saha Akash, Kevin Chen-Chuan Chang

SHuBERT: Self-Supervised Sign Language Representation Learning via Multi-Stream Cluster Prediction

Shester Gueuwou, Xiaodan Du, Greg Shakhnarovich, Karen Livescu, Alexander H. Liu

Length-Induced Embedding Collapse in PLM-based Models

Yuqi Zhou, Sunhao Dai, Zhanshuo Cao, Xiao Zhang, Jun Xu

Dialogue Systems for Emotional Support via Value Reinforcement

Juhee Kim, Chunghu Mok, Jisun Lee, Hyang Sook Kim, Yohan Jo

Pretraining Context Compressor for Large Language Models with Embedding-Based Memory

Yuhong Dai, Jianxun Lian, Yitian Huang, Wei Zhang, Mingyang Zhou

Improving Dialogue State Tracking through Combinatorial Search for In-Context Examples

Haesung Pyun, Yoonah Park, Yohan Jo

Memorizing is Not Enough: Deep Knowledge Injection Through Reasoning

Ruoxi Xu, Yunjie Ji, Boxi Cao, Yaojie Lu, Hongyu Lin

Sticking to the Mean: Detecting Sticky Tokens in Text Embedding Models

Kexin Chen, Dongxia Wang, Yi Liu, Haonan Zhang, Wenhai Wang

MIR: Methodology Inspiration Retrieval for Scientific Research Problems

Aniketh Garikaparthi, Manasi Patwardhan, Aditya Sanjiv Kanade, Aman Hassan, Lovekesh Vig

PIPER: Benchmarking and Prompting Event Reasoning Boundary of LLMs via Debiasing-Distillation Enhanced Tuning

Zhicong Lu, Changyuan Tian, Peiguang Li, Li Jin, Sirui Wang

Multi-Facet Blending for Faceted Query-by-Example Retrieval

Heejin Do, Sangwon Ryu, Jonghwi Kim, Gary Lee

Speed Up Your Code: Progressive Code Acceleration Through Bidirectional Tree Editing

Longhui Zhang, Jiahao Wang, Meishan Zhang, Gaoxiong Cao, Ensheng Shi

Adverse Event Extraction from Discharge Summaries: A New Dataset, Annotation Scheme, and Initial Findings

Imane Guellil, Salomé Andres, Atul Anand, Bruce Guthrie, Huayu Zhang

Learn to Memorize: Scalable Continual Learning in Semiparametric Models with Mixture-of-Neighbors Induction Memory

Guangyue Peng, Tao Ge, Wen Luo, Wei Li, Houfeng Wang

Probing Relative Interaction and Dynamic Calibration in Multi-modal Entity Alignment

Chenxiao Li, Jingwei Cheng, Qiang Tong, Fu Zhang, Cairui Wang

Agentic Reasoning: A Streamlined Framework for Enhancing LLM Reasoning with Agentic Tools

Junde Wu, Jiayuan Zhu, Yuyuan Liu, Min Xu, Yueming Jin

Unifying Uniform and Binary-coding Quantization for Accurate Compression of Large Language Models

Seungcheol Park, Jeongin Bae, Beomseok Kwon, MinJun Kim, Byeongwook Kim

Medical Graph RAG: Evidence-based Medical Large Language Model via Graph Retrieval-Augmented Generation

Junde Wu, Jiayuan Zhu, Yunli Qi, Jingkun Chen, Min Xu

SpindleKV: A Novel KV Cache Reduction Method Balancing Both Shallow and Deep Layers

Zicong Tang, Shi Luohe, Zuchao Li, Baoyuan Qi, Liu Guoming

Hierarchical-Task-Aware Multi-modal Mixture of Incremental LoRA Experts for Embodied Continual Learning

Ziqi Jia, Anmin Wang, Xiaoyang Qu, Xiaowen Yang, Jianzong Wang

LLM-based Rumor Detection via Influence Guided Sample Selection and Game-based Perspective Analysis

Zhiliang Tian, Jingyuan Huang, Zejiang He, Zhen Huang, Menglong Lu

NusaAksara: A Multimodal and Multilingual Benchmark for Preserving Indonesian Indigenous Scripts

Muhammad Farid Adilazuarda, Musa Izzanardi Wijanarko, Lucky Susanto, Khumaisa Nur’aini, Derry Tanti Wijaya

SGIC: A Self-Guided Iterative Calibration Framework for RAG

Guanhua Chen, Yutong Yao, Lidia S. Chao, Xuebo Liu, Derek F. Wong

Value Residual Learning

Zhanchao Zhou, Tianyi Wu, Zhiyun Jiang, Fares Obeid, Zhenzhong Lan

Causal Estimation of Tokenisation Bias

Pietro Lesci, Clara Meister, Thomas Hofmann, Andreas Vlachos, Tiago Pimentel

DISC: Plug-and-Play Decoding Intervention with Similarity of Characters for Chinese Spelling Check

Ziheng Qiao, Houquan Zhou, Yumeng Liu, Zhenghua Li, Min Zhang

Mixture of Small and Large Models for Chinese Spelling Check

Ziheng Qiao, Houquan Zhou, Zhenghua Li

Opt-Out: Investigating Entity-Level Unlearning for Large Language Models via Optimal Transport

Minseok Choi, Daniel Rim, Dohyun Lee, Jaegul Choo

Document-Level Text Generation with Minimum Bayes Risk Decoding using Optimal Transport

Yuu Jinnai

Inner Thinking Transformer: Leveraging Dynamic Depth Scaling to Foster Adaptive Internal Thinking

Yilong Chen, Junyuan Shang, Zhenyu Zhang, Yanxi Xie, Jiawei Sheng

Many Heads Are Better Than One: Improved Scientific Idea Generation by A LLM-Based Multi-Agent System

Haoyang Su, Renqi Chen, SHIXIANG TANG, Zhenfei Yin, Xinzhe Zheng

Parameter-Aware Contrastive Knowledge Editing: Tracing and Rectifying based on Critical Transmission Paths

Songlin Zhai, Yuan Meng, Yuxin Zhang, Guilin Qi

Training Dynamics Underlying Language Model Scaling Laws: Loss Deceleration and Zero-Sum Learning

Andrei Mircea, Supriyo Chakraborty, Nima Chitsazan, Irina Rish, Ekaterina Lobacheva

Tokenisation is NP-Complete

Philip Whittington, Gregor Bachmann, Tiago Pimentel

Persistent Homology of Topic Networks for the Prediction of Reader Curiosity

Manuel D. S. Hopp, Vincent Labatut, Arthur Amalvy, Richard Dufour, Hannah Stone

Beyond Negative Stereotypes – Non-Negative Abusive Utterances about Identity Groups and Their Semantic Variants

Tina Lommel, Elisabeth Eder, Josef Ruppenhofer, Michael Wiegand

Temporal reasoning for timeline summarisation in social media

Jiayu Song, Mahmud Elahi Akhter, Dana Atzil-Slonim, Maria Liakata

Multi-perspective Alignment for Increasing Naturalness in Neural Machine Translation

Huiyuan Lai, Esther Ploeger, Rik van Noord, Antonio Toral

Towards Robust Universal Information Extraction: Dataset, Evaluation, and Solution

Jizhao Zhu, Akang Shi, Zixuan Li, Long Bai, Xiaolong Jin

Query-driven Document-level Scientific Evidence Extraction from Biomedical Studies

Massimiliano Pronesti, Joao H Bettencourt-Silva, Paul Flanagan, Alessandra Pascale, Oisín Redmond

Learning to Reason Over Time: Timeline Self-Reflection for Improved Temporal Reasoning in Language Models

Adrián Bazaga, Rexhina Blloshmi, Bill Byrne, Adrià de Gispert

Information Locality as an Inductive Bias for Neural Language Models

Taiga Someya, Anej Svete, Brian DuSell, Timothy J. O’Donnell, Mario Giulianelli

Rethinking the Role of Prompting Strategies in LLM Test-Time Scaling: A Perspective of Probability Theory

Yexiang Liu, Zekun Li, Zhi Fang, Nan Xu, Ran He

AgentGym: Evaluating and Training Large Language Model-based Agents across Diverse Environments

Zhiheng Xi, Yiwen Ding, Wenxiang Chen, Boyang Hong, Honglin Guo

Gödel Agent: A Self-Referential Agent Framework for Recursively Self-Improvement

Xunjian Yin, Xinyi Wang, Liangming Pan, Li Lin, Xiaojun Wan

T-REG: Preference Optimization with Token-Level Reward Regularization

Wenxuan Zhou, Shujian Zhang, Lingxiao Zhao, Tao Meng

GRAT: Guiding Retrieval-Augmented Reasoning through Process Rewards Tree Search

Xianshu Peng, Wei Wei

Evaluating Sequence Labeling on the basis of Information Theory

Enrique Amigo, Elena Álvarez-Mellado, Julio Gonzalo, Jorge Carrillo-de-Albornoz

LLMs Caught in the Crossfire: Malware Requests and Jailbreak Challenges

Haoyang Li, Huan Gao, Zhiyuan Zhao, Zhiyu Lin, Junyu Gao

Chinese Inertial GAN for Handwriting Signal Generation and Recognition

Yifeng Wang, Yi Zhao

Online Iterative Self-Alignment for Radiology Report Generation

Ting Xiao, Lei Shi, Yang Zhang, Haofeng Yang, Zhe Wang

Weaving Context Across Images: Improving Vision-Language Models through Focus-Centric Visual Chains

Juntian Zhang, Chuanqi Cheng, Yuhan Liu, Wei Liu, Jian Luan

Lexical Diversity-aware Relevance Assessment for Retrieval-Augmented Generation

Zhange Zhang, Yuqing Ma, Yulong Wang, Shan He, Tianbo Wang

Representations of Fact, Fiction and Forecast in Large Language Models: Epistemics and Attitudes

Meng Li, Michael Vrazitulis, David Schlangen

PRISM: A Framework for Producing Interpretable Political Bias Embeddings with Political-Aware Cross-Encoder

Yiqun Sun, Qiang Huang, Anthony Kum Hoe Tung, Jun Yu

Knowledge Tracing in Programming Education Integrating Students’ Questions

Doyoun Kim, Suin Kim, Yohan Jo

CheXalign: Preference fine-tuning in chest X-ray interpretation models without human feedback

Dennis Hein, Zhihong Chen, Sophie Ostmeier, Justin Xu, Maya Varma