ACL 2026

2,650 papers

Evaluating Legal Reasoning Traces with Legal Issue Tree Rubrics

Jinu Lee, Kyoung-Woon On, Sophia Simeng Han, Arman Cohan, Julia Hockenmaier

CRAFT: Training-Free Cascaded Retrieval for Tabular QA

Adarsh Singh, Kushal Raj Bhandari, Jianxi Gao, Soham Dan, Vivek Gupta

Evolutionary Guided Decoding: Iterative Value Refinement for LLMs

Zhenhua Liu, Lijun Li, Ruizhe Chen, Yuxian Jiang, Tong Zhu

Bridging Language and Items for Retrieval and Recommendation: Benchmarking LLMs as Semantic Encoders

Yupeng Hou, Jiacheng Li, Xiangjun Fu, Zhankui He, An Yan

Optimizing Length Compression in Large Reasoning Models

Zhengxiang Cheng, Dongping Chen, Mingyang Fu, Tianyi Zhou

Towards Scalable Lifelong Knowledge Editing with Selective Knowledge Suppression

DaHyun Jung, Jaewook Lee, Heuiseok Lim

DIA-HARM: Dialectal Disparities in Harmful Content Detection Across 50 English Dialects

Jason S Lucas, Matt Murtagh White, Ali Al-Lawati, Uchendu Uchendu, Adaku Uchendu

CiPO: Counterfactual Unlearning for Large Reasoning Models through Iterative Preference Optimization

Junyi Li, Yongqiang Chen, Ningning Ding

It’s Not What You Say, It’s How You Say It: Evaluating LLM Responses to Expressions of Belief

Kevin Du, Clara Kümpel, Michelle Wastl, Alex Warstadt

One Tokenizer To Rule Them All: Emergent Language Plasticity via Multilingual Tokenizers

Diana Abagyan, Alejandro R. Salamanca, Andres Felipe Cruz-Salinas, Kris Cao, Hangyu Lin

TRACE: Evaluating Execution Efficiency of LLM-Based Code Translation

Zhihao Gong, Zeyu Sun, Dong Huang, Qingyuan Liang, Jie M. Zhang

CriticLean: Critic-Guided Reinforcement Learning for Mathematical Formalization

Zhongyuan Peng, Yifan Yao, Kaijing Ma, Shuyue Guo, Yizhe Li

SAC: Neural Speech Codec with Semantic-Acoustic Dual-Stream Quantization

Wenxi Chen, Ruiqi Yan, Yushen Chen, Zhikang Niu, Ziyang Ma

K-Merge: Online Continual Merging of Adapters for On-device Large Language Models

Donald Shenaj, Ondrej Bohdal, Taha Ceritli, Mete Ozay, Pietro Zanuttigh

Two-Stage Regularization-Based Structured Pruning for LLMs

Mingkuan Feng, Jinyang Wu, Siyuan Liu, SHUAI ZHANG, Hongjian Fang

Beyond Examples: Towards Automated Thought-level In-Context Reasoning for Large Language Models

Jinyang Wu, Mingkuan Feng, SHUAI ZHANG, Feihu Che, Zhengqi Wen

Rethinking Sample Polarity in Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards

Xinyu Tang, Yuliang Zhan, Zhixun Li, Xin Zhao, Zhenduo Zhang

Bias Fitting to Mitigate Length Bias of Reward Model in RLHF

Kangwen Zhao, Jianfeng Cai, Jinhua Zhu, Ruopei Sun, Dongyun Xue

HOPE: Hybrid Optimized Parallel Encoding with Supervised and Unsupervised Semantic Fusion for Depression Symptom Detection

Tu-Phuong Mai, Minh-Ha Le H., Duc-Luong Tran, Phuong-Anh Chu, Duy-Cat Can

RealTalk-CN: A Realistic Chinese Speech Task-Oriented Dialogue Benchmark with Cross-Modal Analysis

Enzhi Wang, Jiaming Zhou, Yuhang Jia, Aobo Kong, Qicheng Li

ALIGN: Word Association Learning for Cultural Alignment in Large Language Models

Chunhua Liu, Kabir Manandhar Shrestha, Sukai Huang

LEASH: Adaptive Length Penalty and Reward Shaping for Efficient Large Reasoning Model

Yanhao Li, Lu Ma, Jiaran Zhang, Lexiang Tang, Wentao Zhang

Can LLMs Learn to Map the World from Local Descriptions?

Sirui Xia, Aili Chen, Xintao Wang, Tinghui Zhu, Yikai Zhang

EMCEE: Improving Multilingual Capability of LLMs via Bridging Knowledge and Reasoning with Extracted Synthetic Multilingual Context

Hamin Koo, Jaehyung Kim

SCAN: Structured Capability Assessment and Navigation for LLMs

Zongqi Wang, Tianle Gu, Chen Gong, Xin Tian, Siqi Bao

Beyond Surface-Level Detection: Towards Cognitive-Driven Defense Against Jailbreak Attacks via Meta-Operations Reasoning

Rui Pu, Chaozhuo Li, Rui Ha, Litian Zhang, Lirong Qiu

AwarenessBench: Assessing Cognitive Capabilities of Language Models

Xiaojian Li, Rongwu Xu, Tianyun Zhang, Yue Wang, Shuo Chen

OneRec-Think: In-Text Reasoning for Generative Recommendation

Zhanyu Liu, Shiyao Wang, Xingmei Wang, Rongzhou Zhang, Jiaxin Deng

LightReasoner: Can Small Language Models Teach Large Language Models Reasoning?

Jingyuan Wang, yankai Chen, Zhonghang Li, Chao Huang

PUPPET: Neural-Symbolic Standardized Patients for Mental Health

Chen Xu, Yu Ji, Zhenyu Lv, Yang Yi, Yizhe Yang

Breaking the Generator Barrier: Disentangled Representation for Generalizable AI-Text Detection

Xiao Pu, Zepeng Cheng, Lin Yuan, Yu Wu, Xiuli Bi

Coordinating Search-Informed Reasoning and Reasoning-Guided Search in Claim Verification

Qisheng Hu, Quanyu Long, Wenya Wang

Thinking beyond the anthropomorphic paradigm benefits LLM research

Lujain Ibrahim, Myra Cheng

Splits! Flexible Sociocultural Linguistic Investigation at Scale

Eylon Caplan, Tania Chakraborty, Dan Goldwasser

SDE-SQL: Enhancing Text-to-SQL Generation in Large Language Models via Self-Driven Exploration with SQL Probes

Wenxuan Xie, Yaxun Dai, Wenhao Jiang

Toward Secure Tuning: Mitigating Security Risks from Instruction Fine-Tuning

Yanrui Du, Fenglei Fan, Sendong Zhao, Jiawei Cao, Ming Ma

MMSearch-R1: Incentivizing LMMs to Search

Jinming Wu, Zihao Deng, Wei Li, Yiding Liu, Bo You

MMCLIP: Cross-Modal Attention Masked Modelling for Medical Language-Image Pre-Training

Biao Wu, Yutong Xie, Zeyu Zhang, Vu Minh Hieu Phan, Qi Chen

Mixture-of-Minds: Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Table Understanding

Yuhang Zhou, Mingrui Zhang, Ke Li, Mingyi Wang, Qiao Liu

Culinary Crossroads: A RAG Framework for Enhancing Diversity in Cross-Cultural Recipe Adaptation

Tianyi Hu, Andrea Morales-Garzón, Jingyi Zheng, Maria Maistro, Daniel Hershcovich

DE-CLIP: Few-Shot Anomaly Detection via Difference-Guided Embedding Editing

Yage Zhang, Yukun Jiang, Michael Backes, Yang Zhang

Identifying Bias in Machine-generated Text Detection

Kevin Stowe, Svetlana Afanaseva, Rodolfo C. Raimundo, Yitao Sun, Kailash Patil

CodeHacker: Automated Test Case Generation for Detecting Vulnerabilities in Competitive Programming Solutions

Jingwei Shi, Xinxiang Yin, Jing Huang, Shengyu Tao, Jinman Zhao

GenDis: Generative-Discriminative Dual-View Co-Training for Generalized Category Discovery

Xi Chen, Chuan Qin, Jinpeng Li, Shasha Hu, Chao Wang

TeRA: Vector-based Random Tensor Network for High-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Models

Yuxuan Gu, Wuyang Zhou, Giorgos Iacovides, Danilo Mandic

MORPHOGEN: A Multilingual Benchmark for Evaluating Gender-Aware Morphological Generation

Mehul Agarwal, Aditya Aggarwal, Arnav Goel, Medha Hira, Anubha Gupta

Think in Sentences: Explicit Sentence Boundaries Enhance Language Model’s Capabilities

Zhichen Liu, Yongyuan Li, Yang Xu

ChatR1: Reinforcement Learning for Conversational Reasoning and Retrieval Augmented Question Answering

Simon Lupart, Mohammad Aliannejadi, Evangelos Kanoulas

CARES: Context-Aware Resolution Selector for VLMs

Moshe Kimhi, Nimrod Shabtay, Raja Giryes, Chaim Baskin, Eli Schwartz

From Data-Centric to Sample-Centric: Enhancing LLM Reasoning via Progressive Optimization

Xinjie Chen, Minpeng Liao, Guoxin Chen, Chengxi Li, Biao Fu

EquivPruner: Boosting Efficiency and Quality in LLM-Based Search via Action Pruning

Jiawei Liu, Qisi Chen, Jianshu Zhang, Quan Liu, Defu Lian

Mechanistic Interpretability Should Prioritize Feature Consistency in Sparse Autoencoders

Xiangchen Song, Aashiq Muhamed, Yujia Zheng, Lingjing Kong, Zeyu Tang

ReContraster: Making Your Posters Stand Out with Regional Contrast

Peixuan Zhang, Zijian Jia, Ziqi Cai, Shuchen Weng, Si Li

Not All Directions Matter: Towards Structured and Task-Aware Low-Rank Model Adaptation

Xi Xiao, Chenrui Ma, Yunbei Zhang, Chen Liu, Zhuxuanzi Wang

SATQuest: A Verifier for Logical Reasoning Evaluation and Reinforcement Fine-Tuning of LLMs

Yanxiao Zhao, Yaqian Li, Zi-Hao Bo, Rinyoichi Takezoe, Haojia Hui

Quantifying Aleatoric Uncertainty of In-Context Learning for Robust Measure of LLM Prediction Confidence

Jinseok Chung, Minkyoung Song, Hyunji Jung, Namhoon Lee

Contextual Relevance and Adaptive Sampling for LLM-Based Document Reranking

Jerry Huang, Siddarth Madala, Cheng Niu, Julia Hockenmaier, Tong Zhang

When Misinformation Speaks and Converses: Rethinking Fact-Checking in Audio Platforms

Chaewan Chun, Delvin Ce Zhang, Dongwon Lee

What is a protest anyway? Codebook conceptualization is still a first-order concern in LLM-era classification

Andrew Halterman, Katherine A. Keith

AraVQA: Building a New Arabic Factoid Visual Question Answering Dataset from Wikipedia

Sultan Alrowili, Younes Samih, Abed Alhakim Freihat, Mathan Kumar Eswaran

APB-V: Accelerating Long-Video Understanding via Sequence-Parallelism-aware Approximate Attention

Yuxiang Huang, Mingye Li, Xu Han, Chaojun Xiao, Weilin Zhao

Mitigating Hallucinations in Large Vision-Language Models without Performance Degradation

Xingyu Zhu, Junfeng Fang, Shuo Wang, Beier Zhu, Zhicai Wang

Erasing Without Remembering: Implicit Knowledge Forgetting in Large Language Models

Huazheng Wang, Yongcheng Jing, Haifeng Sun, Yingjie Wang, Jingyu Wang

GATE: Graph-based Adaptive Tool Evolution Across Diverse Tasks

Jianwen Luo, Yiming Huang, Jinxiang Meng, Fangyu Lei, Shizhu He

Towards Robust Real-World Spreadsheet Understanding with Multi-Agent Multi-Format Reasoning

Houxing Ren, Mingjie Zhan, Zimu Lu, Ke Wang, Yunqiao Yang

CHIMERA: A Knowledge Base of Scientific Idea Recombinations for Research Analysis and Ideation

Noy Sternlicht, Tom Hope

Using Perspectival Words Is Harder Than Vocabulary Words for Humans —and Even More So for Multimodal Language Models

Dota Tianai Dong, Yifan Luo, Po-Ya Angela Wang, Asli Ozyurek, Paula Rubio-Fernandez

LongSpec: Long-Context Lossless Speculative Decoding with Efficient Drafting and Verification

Penghui Yang, Cunxiao Du, Fengzhuo Zhang, Haonan Wang, Tianyu Pang

CRISP: Persistent Concept Unlearning via Sparse Autoencoders

Tomer Ashuach, Dana Arad, Aaron Mueller, Martin Tutek, Yonatan Belinkov

Act as you think: Reinforcing Consistent Reasoning in Medical Visual Question Answering

Songtao Jiang, Yuan Wang, Ruizhe Chen, Yan Zhang, Ruilin Luo

Hierarchical Policy Optimization for Simultaneous Translation of Unbounded Speech

Siqi Ouyang, Shuoyang Ding, Oleksii Hrinchuk, Vitaly Lavrukhin, Brian Yan

Psychological Steering in LLMs: An Evaluation of Effectiveness and Trustworthiness

Amin Banayeeanzade, Ala N. Tak, Fatemeh Bahrani, Anahita Bolourani, Leonardo Blas

SFTMix: Elevating Language Model Instruction Tuning with Mixup Recipe

Yuxin Xiao, Shujian Zhang, Marzyeh Ghassemi, Wenxuan Zhou

Explicit Trait Inference for Multi-Agent Coordination

Suhaib Abdurahman, Etsuko Ishii, Katerina Margatina, Divya Bhargavi, Monica Sunkara

ZoomR: Memory Efficient Reasoning through Multi-Granularity Key Value Retrieval

David H. Yang, Yuxuan Zhu, Mohammad Mohammadi Amiri, Keerthiram Murugesan, Tejaswini Pedapati

Grammar Search for Multi-Agent Systems

Mayank Singh, Vikas Yadav, Shiva Krishna Reddy Malay, Shravan Nayak, Sai Rajeswar

Harnessing Negative Signals: Reinforcement Distillation from Teacher Data for LLM Reasoning

Shuyao Xu, Cheng Peng, Jiangxuan Long, Weidi Xu, Wei Chu

Logic Matters in Lightweight Hallucination Classification for RAG System

Ningyuan Yang, Kaizhu Huang

Leave My Images Alone: Preventing Multi-Modal Large Language Models from Analyzing Images via Visual Prompt Injection

Zedian Shao, Hongbin Liu, Yuepeng Hu, Neil Zhenqiang Gong

Flip-Flop Consistency: Unsupervised Training for Robustness to Prompt Perturbations in LLMs

Parsa Hejabi, Elnaz Rahmati, Alireza Salkhordeh Ziabari, Morteza Dehghani

CachePrune: Teaching LLMs What Not to Follow via KV-Cache Editing

Rui Wang, Junda Wu, Yu Xia, Tong Yu, Ruiyi Zhang

Reinforcement Learning for Self-Improving Agent with Skill Library

Jiongxiao Wang, Qiaojing Yan, Yawei Wang, Yijun Tian, Soumya Smruti Mishra

A Functionality-Grounded Benchmark for Evaluating Web Agents in E-commerce Domains

Xianren Zhang, Shreyas Prasad, Di Wang, Qiuhai Zeng, Suhang Wang

J4R: Learning to Judge with Equivalent Initial State Group Relative Policy Optimization

Austin Xu, Yilun Zhou, Xuan-Phi Nguyen, Caiming Xiong, Shafiq Joty

SAGE: A Search-AuGmented Evaluation of Large Language Models on Free-Form QA

Sher Badshah, Ali Emami, Hassan Sajjad

On the Emergence and Test-Time Use of Structural Information in Large Language Models

Michelle Chao Chen, Moritz Miller, Bernhard Schölkopf, Siyuan Guo

RAM-SD: Retrieval-Augmented Multi-agent framework for Sarcasm Detection

Ziyang Zhou, Ziqi Liu, Yan Wang, Yiming Lin, Yangbin Chen

PrefixNLI: Detecting Factual Inconsistencies as Soon as They Arise

Sapir Harary, Eran Hirsch, Aviv Slobodkin, David Wan, Mohit Bansal

ControlAudio: Tackling Text-Guided, Timing-Indicated and Intelligible Audio Generation via Progressive Diffusion Modeling

Yuxuan Jiang, Zehua Chen, Zeqian Ju, Yusheng Dai, Weibei Dou

Is EEG-to-Text Feasible in Real-World Scenarios? An In-Depth Analysis Using a Neuropsychology-Inspired Benchmark

Zihan Zhang, Yu Bao, Xiao Ding, Tianyi Jiang, Kai Xiong

Crosscoding Through Time: Tracking Emergence & Consolidation Of Linguistic Representations Throughout LLM Pretraining

Deniz Bayazit, Aaron Mueller, Antoine Bosselut

Beyond Detection: Evaluating Fallacy Awareness of LLMs in Interactive Scenarios

Conghui Niu, Ningxin Wu, Ziran Zhao, Dong Yu, Chen Kang

RespiraMFM: A Multimodal Foundation Model with Contrastive Audio-Language Alignment for Respiratory Disease Identification

Shakhrul Iman Siam, Tiantian Feng, Jiankun Zhang, Shrikanth Narayanan, Mi Zhang

CoreGaze: Core Subgraph-Driven Visual Gaze Diffusion for Training-Free Referring Multimodal Large Language Models

Xiaoyang Yi, Jing Chen, Yuru Bao, Jian Zhang

VALU: A Benchmark for Video Anomaly Temporal Localization and Understanding at Multiple Semantic Levels

Yixiao He, Menghao Zhang, Haifeng Sun, Jing Wang, Kangheng Lin

SPAGBias: Uncovering and Tracing Structured Spatial Gender Bias in Large Language Models

Binxian Su, Haoye Lou, Shucheng Zhu, Weikang Wang, Ying Liu

ReasonEmbed: Enhanced Text Embeddings for Reasoning-Intensive Document Retrieval

Jianlyu Chen, Junwei Lan, Chaofan Li, Defu Lian, Zheng Liu

EmoHarbor: Evaluating Personalized Emotional Support by Simulating the User’s Internal World

Jing Ye, Lu Xiang, Yaping Zhang, Chengqing Zong

Identifying the Periodicity of Information in Natural Language

Yulin OU, Yu Wang, Yang Xu, Hendrik Buschmeier

Exploring Attention Attractors in Large Language Models

Ziheng Wang, Zihao Yue, Wenxuan Wang, Qin Jin