EACL 2026

1,430 papers

Revisiting Generalization Across Difficulty Levels: It’s Not So Easy

Yeganeh Kordi, Nihal V. Nayak, Max Zuo, Ilana Nguyen, Stephen Bach

H3Fusion: Helpful, Harmless, Honest Fusion of Aligned LLMs

Selim Furkan Tekin, Fatih Ilhan, Sihao Hu, Tiansheng Huang, Yichang Xu

Hype or not? Formalizing Automatic Promotional Language Detection in Biomedical Research

Bojan Batalo, Erica K. Shimomoto, Dipesh Satav, Neil Millar

Rethinking Hallucinations: Correctness, Consistency, and Prompt Multiplicity

Prakhar Ganesh, Reza Shokri, Golnoosh Farnadi

Safeguarding Language Models via Self-Destruct Trapdoor

Shahar Katz, Bar Alon, Ariel Shaulov, Lior Wolf, Mahmood Sharif

AICD Bench: A Challenging Benchmark for AI-Generated Code Detection

Daniil Orel, Dilshod Azizov, Indraneil Paul, Yuxia Wang, Iryna Gurevych

Sycophancy Hides Linearly in the Attention Heads

Rifo Ahmad Genadi, Munachiso Samuel Nwadike, Nurdaulet Mukhituly, Tatsuya Hiraoka, Hilal AlQuabeh

Do Images Speak Louder than Words? Investigating the Effect of Textual Misinformation in VLMs

Chi Zhang, Wenxuan Ding, Jiale Liu, Mingrui Wu, Qingyun Wu

Query Decomposition for RAG: Balancing Exploration-Exploitation

Roxana Petcu, Kenton Murray, Daniel Khashabi, Evangelos Kanoulas, Maarten de Rijke

RefusalBench: Generative Evaluation of Selective Refusal in Grounded Language Models

Aashiq Muhamed, Leonardo F. R. Ribeiro, Markus Dreyer, Virginia Smith, Mona T. Diab

Instruction Tuning with and without Context: Behavioral Shifts and Downstream Impact

Hyunji Lee, Seunghyun Yoon, Yunjae Won, Hanseok Oh, Geewook Kim

The Relevance of Value Systems for Offensive Language Detection

Michael Wiegand, Elisabeth Eder, Josef Ruppenhofer

Offline Preference Optimization via Maximum Marginal Likelihood Estimation

Saeed Najafi, Alona Fyshe

Aligning Text, Code, and Vision: A Multi-Objective Reinforcement Learning Framework for Text-to-Visualization

Mizanur Rahman, Mohammed Saidul Islam, Md Tahmid Rahman Laskar, Shafiq Joty, Enamul Hoque

Emotionally Charged, Logically Blurred: AI-driven Emotional Framing Impairs Human Fallacy Detection

Yanran Chen, Lynn Greschner, Roman Klinger, Michael Klenk, Steffen Eger

ConLID: Supervised Contrastive Learning for Low-Resource Language Identification

Negar Foroutan, Jakhongir Saydaliev, Grace Kim, Antoine Bosselut

Principled Self-Correction in Discrete Diffusion: A UCB-Guided Framework for Text Generation

Masaki Asada, Makoto Miwa

MAQuA: Multi-outcome Adaptive Question-Asking for Mental Health using Item Response Theory

Vasudha Varadarajan, Hui Xu, Rebecca Astrid Böhme, Mariam Marlen Mirström, Sverker Sikström

Continual Neural Topic Model

Charu Karakkaparambil James, Waleed Mustafa, Marcio Monteiro, Marius Kloft, Sophie Fellenz

How Do LLMs Generate Contrastive Sentiments? A Mechanistic Perspective

Van Bach Nguyen, Jörg Schlötterer, Christin Seifert

Beyond Blind Following: Evaluating Robustness of LLM Agents under Imperfect Guidance

Yao Fu, Ran Qiu, Xinhe Wang, Jacob Sansom, Sathvika Ayyappa Prabhu

CacheNotes: Task-Aware Key-Value Cache Compression for Reasoning-Intensive Knowledge Tasks

Giulio Corallo, Orion Weller, Fabio Petroni, Paolo Papotti

Elections go bananas: A First Large-scale Multilingual Study of Pluralia Tantum using LLMs

Elena Spaziani, Kamyar Zeinalipour, Pierluigi Cassotti, Nina Tahmasebi

Explaining Generalization of AI-Generated Text Detectors Through Linguistic Analysis

Yuxi Xia, Kinga Stańczak, Benjamin Roth

CoReTab: Improving Multimodal Table Understanding with Code-driven Reasoning

Van-Quang Nguyen, Takayuki Okatani

The Pluralistic Moral Gap: Understanding Moral Judgment and Value Differences between Humans and Large Language Models

Giuseppe Russo, Debora Nozza, Paul Röttger, Dirk Hovy

Unintended Memorization of Sensitive Information in Fine-Tuned Language Models

Marton Szep, Jorge Marin Ruiz, Georgios Kaissis, Paulina Seidl, Rüdiger von Eisenhart-Rothe

SciRAG: Adaptive, Citation-Aware, and Outline-Guided Retrieval and Synthesis for Scientific Literature

Hang Ding, Yilun Zhao, Tiansheng Hu, Manasi Patwardhan, Arman Cohan

KG-CRAFT: Knowledge Graph-based Contrastive Reasoning with LLMs for Enhancing Automated Fact-checking

Vítor Lourenço, Aline Paes, Tillman Weyde, Audrey Depeige, Mohnish Dubey

Speculative Decoding Speed-of-Light: Optimal Lower Bounds via Branching Random Walks

Sergey Pankratov, Dan Alistarh

Activation-Space Personality Steering: Hybrid Layer Selection for Stable Trait Control in LLMs

Pranav Bhandari, Nicolas Fay, Sanjeevan Selvaganapathy, Amitava Datta, Usman Naseem

CONGRAD: Conflicting Gradient Filtering for Multilingual Preference Alignment

Jiangnan Li, Thuy-Trang Vu, Christian Herold, Amirhossein Tebbifakhr, Shahram Khadivi

TReX: Tokenizer Regression for Optimal Data Mixture

Inho Won, HanGyeol Yoo, Minkyung Cho, Jungyeul Park, Hoyun Song

Rethinking Creativity Evaluation: A Critical Analysis of Existing Creativity Evaluations

Li-Chun Lu, Miri Liu, Pin Chun Lu, Yufei Tian, Shao-Hua Sun

Nahw: A Comprehensive Benchmark of Arabic Grammar Understanding, Error Detection, Correction, and Explanation

Hamdy Mubarak, Majd Hawasly, Abubakr Mohamed

LLMs as Cultural Archives: Cultural Commonsense Knowledge Graph Extraction

Junior Cedric Tonga, Chen Cecilia Liu, Iryna Gurevych, Fajri Koto

Language-Grounded Multi-Domain Image Translation via Semantic Difference Guidance

Jongwon Ryu, Joonhyung Park, Jaeho Han, Yeong-Seok Kim, Hye-Rin Kim

Continual-learning for Modelling Low-Resource Languages from Large Language Models

Santosh Srinath K, Mudit Somani, Varun Reddy Padala, Prajna Upadhyay, Abhijit Das

MedQA-CS: Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE)-Style Benchmark for Evaluating LLM Clinical Skills

Zonghai Yao, Zihao Zhang, Chaolong Tang, Xingyu Bian, Youxia Zhao

Knowing When to Abstain: Medical LLMs Under Clinical Uncertainty

Sravanthi Machcha, Sushrita Yerra, Sahil Gupta, Aishwarya Sahoo, Sharmin Sultana

Can LLMs reason over extended multilingual contexts? Towards long-context evaluation beyond retrieval over haystacks

Amey Hengle, Prasoon Bajpai, Soham Dan, Tanmoy Chakraborty

Wugnectives: Novel Entity Inferences of Language Models from Discourse Connectives

Daniel Brubaker, William Sheffield, Junyi Jessy Li, Kanishka Misra

Nanda Family: Open-Weights Generative Large Language Models for Hindi

Aaryamonvikram Singh, Debopriyo Banerjee, Dhruv Sahnan, Monojit Choudhury, Shivam Chauhan

HALP: Detecting Hallucinations in Vision-Language Models without Generating a Single Token

Sai Akhil Kogilathota, Sripadha Vallabha E G, Luzhe Sun, Jiawei Zhou

Extending Audio Context for Long-Form Understanding in Large Audio-Language Models

Yuatyong Chaichana, Pittawat Taveekitworachai, Warit Sirichotedumrong, Potsawee Manakul, Kunat Pipatanakul

Translation via Annotation: A Computational Study of Translating Classical Chinese into Japanese

Zilong Li, Jie Cao

Beyond Length: Context-Aware Expansion and Independence as Developmentally Sensitive Evaluation in Child Utterances

Jiyun Chun, Eric Fosler-Lussier, Michael White, Andrew Perrault

Analysing the role of lexical and temporal information in turn-taking through predictability

Sean Leishman, Sarenne Wallbridge, Peter Bell

How Do Language Models Acquire Character-Level Information?

Soma Sato, Ryohei Sasano

Strong Memory, Weak Control: An Empirical Study of Executive Functioning in LLMs

Karin de Langis, Jong Inn Park, Bin Hu, Khanh Chi Le, Andreas Schramm

Mary, the Cheeseburger-Eating Vegetarian: Do LLMs Recognize Incoherence in Narratives?

Karin de Langis, Püren Öncel, Ryan Peters, Andrew Elfenbein, Laura Kristen Allen

Evaluating Adversarial Robustness of Concept Representations in Sparse Autoencoders

Aaron J. Li, Suraj Srinivas, Usha Bhalla, Himabindu Lakkaraju

Now You Hear Me: Audio Narrative Attacks Against Large Audio–Language Models

Ye Yu, Haibo Jin, Yaoning Yu, Jun Zhuang, Haohan Wang

MERLIN: Multi-Stage Curriculum Alignment for Multilingual Encoder-LLM Integration in Cross-Lingual Reasoning

Kosei Uemura, David Guzmán, Quang Phuoc Nguyen, Jesujoba Oluwadara Alabi, En-Shiun Annie Lee

Multi-Token Completion for Text Anonymization

Pulkit Madaan, Krithika Ramesh, Lisa Bauer, Charith Peris, Anjalie Field

CSPB: Conversational Speech Processing Benchmark for Self-supervised Speech Models

Zili Huang, Matthew Maciejewski, Leibny Paola García Perera, Shinji Watanabe, Sanjeev Khudanpur

Do Audio LLMs Really LISTEN, or Just Transcribe? Measuring Lexical vs. Acoustic Emotion Cues Reliance

Jingyi Chen, Zhimeng Guo, Jiyun Chun, Pichao WANG, Andrew Perrault

Tracking the Limits of Knowledge Propagation: How LLMs Fail at Multi-Step Reasoning with Conflicting Knowledge

Yiyang Feng, Zeming Chen, Haotian Wu, Jiawei Zhou, Antoine Bosselut

ObjChangeVR: Object State Change Reasoning from Continuous Egocentric Views in VR Environments

Shiyi Ding, Shaoen Wu, Ying Chen

Beyond Random Sampling: Efficient Language Model Pretraining via Curriculum Learning

Yang Zhang, Amr Mohamed, Hadi Abdine, Guokan Shang, Michalis Vazirgiannis

Contextual morphologically-guided tokenization for Latin encoder models

Marisa Hudspeth, Patrick J. Burns, Brendan O'Connor

Tracing Multilingual Knowledge Acquisition Dynamics in Domain Adaptation: A Case Study of Biomedical Adaptation

Xin Zhao, Naoki Yoshinaga, Yuma Tsuta, Akiko Aizawa

Steering Safely or Off a Cliff? Rethinking Specificity and Robustness in Inference-Time Interventions

Navita Goyal, Hal Daume III

KidsArtBench: Multi-Dimensional Children’s Art Evaluation with Attribute-Aware MLLMs

Mingrui Ye, Chanjin Zheng, Zengyi Yu, Chenyu Xiang, Zhixue Zhao

What’s Missing in Vision-Language Models? Probing Their Struggles with Causal Order Reasoning

Zhaotian Weng, Haoxuan Li, Xin Eric Wang, Kuan-Hao Huang, Jieyu Zhao

ExStrucTiny: A Benchmark for Schema-Variable Structured Information Extraction from Document Images

Mathieu Sibue, Andrés Muñoz Garza, Samuel Mensah, Pranav Shetty, Zhiqiang Ma

Beyond Names: How Grammatical Gender Markers Bias LLM-based Educational Recommendations

Luca Benedetto, Antonia Donvito, Alberto Lucchetti, Andrea Cappelli, Paula Buttery

Chat-TS: Enhancing Multi-Modal Reasoning Over Time-Series and Natural Language Data

Paul Quinlan, Qingguo Li, Xiaodan Zhu

Neural Breadcrumbs: Membership Inference Attacks on LLMs Through Hidden State and Attention Pattern Analysis

Disha Makhija, Manoj Ghuhan Arivazhagan, Vinayshekhar Bannihatti Kumar, Rashmi Gangadharaiah

Beyond Math: Stories as a Testbed for Memorization-Constrained Reasoning in LLMs

Yuxuan Jiang, Francis Ferraro

Multilingual Amnesia: On the Transferability of Unlearning in Multilingual LLMs

Alireza Dehghanpour Farashah, Aditi Khandelwal, Marylou Fauchard, Zhuan Shi, Negar Rostamzadeh

RotBench: Evaluating Multi-modal Large Language Models on Identifying Image Rotation

Tianyi Niu, Jaemin Cho, Elias Stengel-Eskin, Mohit Bansal

RoSE: Round-robin Synthetic Data Evaluation for Selecting LLM Generators without Human Test Sets

Jan Cegin, Branislav Pecher, Ivan Srba, Jakub Simko

Pseudo-Likelihood Training for Reasoning Diffusion Language Models

Shiv Shankar

Lost in Formatting: How Output Formats Skew LLM Performance on Information Extraction

Rishi Ravikumar, Nuhu Ibrahim, Riza Batista-Navarro

An Empirical Study of Speculative Decoding for Small Language Models

Luca Mainardi, Selcuk Sandikci, Joaquin Vanschoren

ToolDreamer: Instilling LLM Reasoning Into Tool Retrievers

Saptarshi Sengupta, Zhengyu Zhou, Jun Araki, Xingbo Wang, Bingqing Wang

DART: Leveraging Multi-Agent Disagreement for Tool Recruitment in Multimodal Reasoning

Nithin Sivakumaran, Justin Chen, David Wan, Yue Zhang, Jaehong Yoon

Taming Object Hallucinations with Verified Atomic Confidence Estimation

Jiarui Liu, Weihao Xuan, Zhijing Jin, Mona T. Diab

Detecting Non-Membership in LLM Training Data via Rank Correlations

Pranav Shetty, Mirazul Haque, Zhiqiang Ma, Xiaomo Liu

Bridging Attribution and Open-Set Detection using Graph-Augmented Instance Learning in Synthetic Speech

Mohd Mujtaba Akhtar, Girish, Farhan Sheth, Muskaan Singh

Biasless Language Models Learn Unnaturally: How LLMs Fail to Distinguish the Possible from the Impossible

Imry Ziv, Nur Lan, Emmanuel Chemla

DIVINE : Coordinating Multimodal Disentangled Representations for Oro-Facial Neurological Disorder Assessment

Mohd Mujtaba Akhtar, Girish, Muskaan Singh

CliniBench: A Clinical Outcome Prediction Benchmark for Generative and Encoder-Based Language Models

Paul Grundmann, Jan Frick, Dennis Fast, Thomas Steffek, Felix Gers

Persistent Personas? Role-Playing, Instruction Following, and Safety in Extended Interactions

Pedro Henrique Luz de Araujo, Michael A. Hedderich, Ali Modarressi, Hinrich Schuetze, Benjamin Roth

Detecting Latin in Historical Books with Large Language Models: A Multimodal Benchmark

Yu Wu, Ke Shu, Jonas Fischer, Lidia Pivovarova, David Rosson

ConvApparel: A Benchmark Dataset and Validation Framework for User Simulators in Conversational Recommenders

Ofer Meshi, Krisztian Balog, Sally Goldman, Avi Caciularu, Guy Tennenholtz

DuwatBench: Bridging Language and Visual Heritage through an Arabic Calligraphy Benchmark for Multimodal Understanding

Shubham Patle, Sara Ghaboura, Hania Tariq, Mohammad Usman Khan, Omkar Thawakar

MEVER: Multi-Modal and Explainable Claim Verification with Graph-based Evidence Retrieval

Delvin Ce Zhang, Suhan Cui, Zhelin Chu, Xianren Zhang, Dongwon Lee

FFE-Hallu: Hallucinations in Fixed Figurative Expressions: A Benchmark of Idioms and Proverbs in the Persian Language

Faezeh Hosseini, Mohammadali Yousefzadeh, Yadollah Yaghoobzadeh

Investigating Language and Retrieval Bias in Multilingual Previously Fact-Checked Claim Detection

Ivan Vykopal, Antonia Karamolegkou, Jaroslav Kopčan, Qiwei Peng, Tomáš Javůrek

From Delegates to Trustees: How Optimizing for Long-Term Interests Shapes Bias and Alignment in LLMs

Suyash Fulay, Jocelyn Zhu, Michiel A. Bakker

NLP for Social Good: A Survey and Outlook of Challenges, Opportunities and Responsible Deployment

Antonia Karamolegkou, Angana Borah, Eunjung Cho, Sagnik Ray Choudhury, Martina Galletti

INSURE-Dial: A Phase-Aware Conversational Dataset Benchmark for Compliance Verification and Phase Detection

Shubham Kulkarni, Alexander Lyzhov, Preetam Joshi, Shiva Chaitanya

Decomposition-Enhanced Training for Post-Hoc Attributions in Language Models

Sriram Balasubramanian, Samyadeep Basu, Koustava Goswami, Ryan A. Rossi, Varun Manjunatha

Entropy-Gated Branching for Efficient Test-Time Reasoning

Xianzhi Li, Ethan Callanan, Abdellah Ghassel, Xiaodan Zhu

Persuasion at Play: Understanding Misinformation Dynamics in Demographic-Aware Human-LLM Interactions

Angana Borah, Rada Mihalcea, Veronica Perez-Rosas

Evaluating the Effect of Retrieval Augmentation on Social Biases

Tianhui Zhang, Yi Zhou, Danushka Bollegala

Evaluation and LLM-Guided Learning of ICD Coding Rationales

Mingyang Li, Viktor Schlegel, Tingting Mu, Wuraola Oyewusi, Kai Kang

CASE – Condition-Aware Sentence Embeddings for Conditional Semantic Textual Similarity Measurement

Gaifan Zhang, Yi Zhou, Danushka Bollegala