EMNLP 2025

4,182 papers

Probabilistic Soundness Guarantees in LLM Reasoning Chains

Weiqiu You, Anton Xue, Shreya Havaldar, Delip Rao, Helen Jin

Avoidance Decoding for Diverse Multi-Branch Story Generation

Kyeongman Park, Nakyeong Yang, Kyomin Jung

RTE-GMoE: A Model-agnostic Approach for Relation Triplet Extraction via Graph-based Mixture-of-Expert Mutual Learning

Aziguli Wulamu, Kaiyuan Gong, Lyu Zhengyu, Yu Han, Zhihong Zhu

Genre Matters: How Text Types Interact with Decoding Strategies and Lexical Predictors in Shaping Reading Behavior

Lena Sophia Bolliger, Lena Ann Jäger

NOVER: Incentive Training for Language Models via Verifier-Free Reinforcement Learning

Wei Liu, Siya Qi, Xinyu Wang, Chen Qian, Yali Du

Enhancing Reasoning Abilities of Small LLMs with Cognitive Alignment

Wenrui Cai, Chengyu Wang, Junbing Yan, Jun Huang, Xiangzhong Fang

Teach Small Models to Reason by Curriculum Distillation

Wangyi Jiang, Yaojie Lu, Hongyu Lin, Xianpei Han, Le Sun

GATEAU: Selecting Influential Samples for Long Context Alignment

Shuzheng Si, Haozhe Zhao, Gang Chen, Yunshui Li, kangyang Luo

From Unaligned to Aligned: Scaling Multilingual LLMs with Multi-Way Parallel Corpora

Yingli Shen, Wen Lai, Shuo Wang, Ge Gao, kangyang Luo

PSET: a Phonetics-Semantics Evaluation Testbed

Gianluca Sperduti, Dong Nguyen

TopicAttack: An Indirect Prompt Injection Attack via Topic Transition

Yulin Chen, Haoran Li, Yuexin Li, Yue Liu, Yangqiu Song

Formalizing Style in Personal Narratives

Gustave Cortal, Alain Finkel

Context-Aware Membership Inference Attacks against Pre-trained Large Language Models

Hongyan Chang, Ali Shahin Shamsabadi, Kleomenis Katevas, Hamed Haddadi, Reza Shokri

Confounding Factors in Relating Model Performance to Morphology

Wessel Poelman, Thomas Bauwens, Miryam de Lhoneux

LEO-MINI: An Efficient Multimodal Large Language Model using Conditional Token Reduction and Mixture of Multi-Modal Experts

Yimu Wang, Mozhgan Nasr Azadani, Sean Sedwards, Krzysztof Czarnecki

What Do Indonesians Really Need from Language Technology? A Nationwide Survey

Muhammad Dehan Al Kautsar, Lucky Susanto, Derry Tanti Wijaya, Fajri Koto

SpecVLM: Enhancing Speculative Decoding of Video LLMs via Verifier-Guided Token Pruning

Yicheng Ji, Jun Zhang, Heming Xia, Jinpeng Chen, Lidan Shou

InfoGain-RAG: Boosting Retrieval-Augmented Generation through Document Information Gain-based Reranking and Filtering

Zihan Wang, Zihan Liang, Zhou Shao, Yufei Ma, Huangyu Dai

NOVA-63: Native Omni-lingual Versatile Assessments of 63 Disciplines

Jinyang Zhang, Kexin Yang, Yu Wan, Muyang Ye, Baosong Yang

TableEval: A Real-World Benchmark for Complex, Multilingual, and Multi-Structured Table Question Answering

Junnan Zhu, Jingyi Wang, Bohan Yu, Xiaoyu Wu, Junbo Li

ExeCoder: Empowering Large Language Models with Executability Representation for Code Translation

Minghua He, Yue Chen, Fangkai Yang, Pu Zhao, Wenjie Yin

Addressing Tokenization Inconsistency in Steganography and Watermarking Based on Large Language Models

Ruiyi Yan, Yugo Murawaki

Arena-lite: Efficient and Reliable Large Language Model Evaluation via Tournament-Based Direct Comparisons

Seonil Son, Ju-Min Oh, Heegon Jin, Cheolhun Jang, Jeongbeom Jeong

Selective Preference Optimization via Token-Level Reward Function Estimation

Kailai Yang, Zhiwei Liu, Qianqian Xie, Jimin Huang, Erxue Min

EverTracer: Hunting Stolen Large Language Models via Stealthy and Robust Probabilistic Fingerprint

Zhenhua Xu, Meng Han, Wenpeng Xing

Realistic Training Data Generation and Rule Enhanced Decoding in LLM for NameGuess

Yikuan Xia, Jiazun Chen, Sujian Li, Jun Gao

CTCC: A Robust and Stealthy Fingerprinting Framework for Large Language Models via Cross-Turn Contextual Correlation Backdoor

Zhenhua Xu, Xixiang Zhao, Xubin Yue, Shengwei Tian, Changting Lin

DICE: Structured Reasoning in LLMs through SLM-Guided Chain-of-Thought Correction

Yiqi Li, Yusheng Liao, Zhe Chen, Yanfeng Wang, Yu Wang

Confidence-guided Refinement Reasoning for Zero-shot Question Answering

Youwon Jang, Woo Suk Choi, Minjoon Jung, Minsu Lee, Byoung-tak Zhang

GraDaSE: Graph-Based Dataset Search with Examples

Jing He, Mingyang Lv, Qing Shi, Gong Cheng

Why and How LLMs Benefit from Knowledge Introspection in Commonsense Reasoning

Chengfeng Zhao, Shizhu He, Shanshan Jiang, Bin Dong, Jun Zhao

Information Integration in Large Language Models is Gated by Linguistic Structural Markers

Wei Liu, Nai Ding

Middo: Model-Informed Dynamic Data Optimization for Enhanced LLM Fine-Tuning via Closed-Loop Learning

Zinan Tang, Xin Gao, Qizhi Pei, Zhuoshi Pan, Mengzhang Cai

R-Bind: Unified Enhancement of Attribute and Relation Binding in Text-to-Image Diffusion Models

Huixuan Zhang, Xiaojun Wan

CoCoA: Confidence- and Context-Aware Adaptive Decoding for Resolving Knowledge Conflicts in Large Language Models

Anant Khandelwal, Manish Gupta, Puneet Agrawal

BTS: Harmonizing Specialized Experts into a Generalist LLM

Qizhen Zhang, Prajjwal Bhargava, Chloe Bi, Chris X. Cai, Jakob Nicolaus Foerster

Route Sparse Autoencoder to Interpret Large Language Models

Wei Shi, Sihang Li, Tao Liang, Mingyang Wan, Guojun Ma

Keep Security! Benchmarking Security Policy Preservation in Large Language Model Contexts Against Indirect Attacks in Question Answering

Hwan Chang, Yumin Kim, Yonghyun Jun, Hwanhee Lee

ViLBench: A Suite for Vision-Language Process Reward Modeling

Haoqin Tu, Weitao Feng, Hardy Chen, Hui LIU, Xianfeng Tang

Alignment-Augmented Speculative Decoding with Alignment Sampling and Conditional Verification

Jikai Wang, Zhenxu Tian, Juntao Li, Qingrong Xia, Xinyu Duan

Measuring Bias or Measuring the Task: Understanding the Brittle Nature of LLM Gender Biases

Bufan Gao, Elisa Kreiss

Invisible Entropy: Towards Safe and Efficient Low-Entropy LLM Watermarking

Tianle Gu, Zongqi Wang, Kexin Huang, Yuanqi Yao, Xiangliang Zhang

LoSiA: Efficient High-Rank Fine-Tuning via Subnet Localization and Optimization

Xujia Wang, Yunjia Qi, Bin Xu

Multimodal Language Models See Better When They Look Shallower

Haoran Chen, Junyan Lin, Xinghao Chen, Yue Fan, Jianfeng Dong

FlightGPT: Towards Generalizable and Interpretable UAV Vision-and-Language Navigation with Vision-Language Models

Hengxing Cai, Jinhan Dong, Jingjun Tan, Jingcheng Deng, Sihang Li

VersaTune: An Efficient Data Composition Framework for Training Multi-Capability LLMs

Keer Lu, Keshi Zhao, Zhuoran Zhang, Zheng Liang, Bin CUI

Learning Like Humans: Advancing LLM Reasoning Capabilities via Adaptive Difficulty Curriculum Learning and Expert-Guided Self-Reformulation

Enci Zhang, Xingang Yan, Wei LIN, Tianxiang. Zhang, Lu Qianchun

ZoomEye: Enhancing Multimodal LLMs with Human-Like Zooming Capabilities through Tree-Based Image Exploration

Haozhan Shen, Kangjia Zhao, Tiancheng Zhao, Ruochen Xu, Zilun Zhang

TurboRAG: Accelerating Retrieval-Augmented Generation with Precomputed KV Caches for Chunked Text

Songshuo Lu, Hua Wang, Yutian Rong, Zhi Chen, Yaohua Tang

Audio-centric Video Understanding Benchmark without Text Shortcut

Yudong Yang, Jimin Zhuang, Guangzhi Sun, Changli Tang, Yixuan Li

SPE Attention: Making Attention Equivariant to Semantic-Preserving Permutation for Code Processing

Chengyu Jiao, Shuhao Chen, Yu Zhang

Firewall Routing: Blocking Leads to Better Hybrid Inference for LLMs

Runyu Peng, Yunhua Zhou, Kai Lv, Yang Gao, Qipeng Guo

HD-PiSSA: High-Rank Distributed Orthogonal Adaptation

Yiding Wang, Fanxu Meng, Xuefeng Zhang, Fan Jiang, Pingzhi Tang

What Makes a Good Reasoning Chain? Uncovering Structural Patterns in Long Chain-of-Thought Reasoning

Gangwei Jiang, Yahui Liu, Zhaoyi Li, Wei Bi, Fuzheng Zhang

AlignX: Advancing Multilingual Large Language Models with Multilingual Representation Alignment

Mengyu Bu, Shaolei Zhang, Zhongjun He, Hua Wu, Yang Feng

LyapLock: Bounded Knowledge Preservation in Sequential Large Language Model Editing

Peng Wang, Biyu Zhou, Xuehai Tang, Jizhong Han, Songlin Hu

Identification of Multiple Logical Interpretations in Counter-Arguments

Wenzhi Wang, Paul Reisert, Shoichi Naito, Naoya Inoue, Machi Shimmei

MOSAIC: Modeling Social AI for Content Dissemination and Regulation in Multi-Agent Simulations

Genglin Liu, Vivian T. Le, Salman Rahman, Elisa Kreiss, Marzyeh Ghassemi

Multilingual Prompting for Improving LLM Generation Diversity

Qihan Wang, Shidong Pan, Tal Linzen, Emily Black

DAMON: A Dialogue-Aware MCTS Framework for Jailbreaking Large Language Models

Xu Zhang, Xunjian Yin, Dinghao Jing, Huixuan Zhang, Xinyu Hu

Legal Fact Prediction: The Missing Piece in Legal Judgment Prediction

Junkai Liu, Yujie Tong, Hui Huang, Bowen Zheng, Yiran Hu

Tiny Budgets, Big Gains: Parameter Placement Strategy in Parameter Super-Efficient Fine-Tuning

Jinman Zhao, Xueyan Zhang, Jiaru Li, Jingcheng Niu, Yulan Hu

CoVoGER: A Multilingual Multitask Benchmark for Speech-to-text Generative Error Correction with Large Language Models

Zhengdong Yang, Zhen Wan, Sheng Li, Chao-Han Huck Yang, Chenhui Chu

Glider: Global and Local Instruction-Driven Expert Router

Pingzhi Li, Prateek Yadav, Jaehong Yoon, Jie Peng, Yi-Lin Sung

Rethinking Backdoor Detection Evaluation for Language Models

Jun Yan, Wenjie Jacky Mo, Xiang Ren, Robin Jia

PropRAG: Guiding Retrieval with Beam Search over Proposition Paths

Jingjin Wang, Jiawei Han

Static Word Embeddings for Sentence Semantic Representation

Takashi Wada, Yuki Hirakawa, Ryotaro Shimizu, Takahiro Kawashima, Yuki Saito

RAV: Retrieval-Augmented Voting for Tactile Descriptions Without Training

Jinlin Wang, Yulong Ji, Hongyu Yang

LMR-BENCH: Evaluating LLM Agent’s Ability on Reproducing Language Modeling Research

Shuo Yan, Ruochen Li, Ziming Luo, Zimu Wang, Daoyang Li

Investigating Neurons and Heads in Transformer-based LLMs for Typographical Errors

Kohei Tsuji, Tatsuya Hiraoka, Yuchang Cheng, Eiji Aramaki, Tomoya Iwakura

VisCRA: A Visual Chain Reasoning Attack for Jailbreaking Multimodal Large Language Models

Bingrui Sima, Linhua Cong, Wenxuan Wang, Kun He

MAKAR: a Multi-Agent framework based Knowledge-Augmented Reasoning for Grounded Multimodal Named Entity Recognition

Xinkui Lin, Yuhui Zhang, Yongxiu Xu, Kun Huang, Hongzhang Mu

SciRIFF: A Resource to Enhance Language Model Instruction-Following over Scientific Literature

David Wadden, Kejian Shi, Jacob Morrison, Alan Li, Aakanksha Naik

DMDTEval: An Evaluation and Analysis of LLMs on Disambiguation in Multi-domain Translation

Zhibo Man, Yuanmeng Chen, Yujie Zhang, Jinan Xu

JOLT-SQL: Joint Loss Tuning of Text-to-SQL with Confusion-aware Noisy Schema Sampling

Jinwang Song, Hongying Zan, Kunli Zhang, Lingling Mu, Yingjie Han

ThoughtProbe: Classifier-Guided LLM Thought Space Exploration via Probing Representations

Zijian Wang, Chang Xu

ECC: An Emotion-Cause Conversation Dataset for Empathy Response

Yuanyuan He, Yongsen Pan, Wei Li, Jiali You, Jiawen Deng

Diagram-Driven Course Questions Generation

Xinyu Zhang, Lingling Zhang, Yanrui Wu, Muye Huang, Wenjun Wu

VideoEraser: Concept Erasure in Text-to-Video Diffusion Models

Naen Xu, Jinghuai Zhang, Changjiang Li, Zhi Chen, Chunyi Zhou

QualBench: Benchmarking Chinese LLMs with Localized Professional Qualifications for Vertical Domain Evaluation

Mengze Hong, Wailing Ng, Chen Jason Zhang, Di Jiang

CARFT: Boosting LLM Reasoning via Contrastive Learning with Annotated Chain-of-Thought-based Reinforced Fine-Tuning

Wenqiao Zhu, Ji Liu, Rongjunchen Zhang, Haipang Wu, Yulun Zhang

Superficial Self-Improved Reasoners Benefit from Model Merging

Xiangchi Yuan, Chunhui Zhang, Zheyuan Liu, Dachuan Shi, Leyan Pan

Dial-In LLM: Human-Aligned LLM-in-the-loop Intent Clustering for Customer Service Dialogues

Mengze Hong, Wailing Ng, Chen Jason Zhang, Yuanfeng Song, Di Jiang

LLM-Driven Implicit Target Augmentation and Fine-Grained Contextual Modeling for Zero-Shot and Few-Shot Stance Detection

Yanxu Ji, Jinzhong Ning, Yijia Zhang, Zhi Liu, Hongfei Lin

Detoxifying Large Language Models via the Diversity of Toxic Samples

Ying Zhao, Yuanzhao Guo, Xuemeng Weng, Yuan Tian, Wei Wang

Beyond Demonstrations: Dynamic Vector Construction from Latent Representations

Wang Cai, Hsiu-Yuan Huang, Zhixiang Wang, Yunfang Wu

Pragmatic Inference Chain (PIC) Improving LLMs’ Reasoning of Authentic Implicit Toxic Language

Xi Chen, Shuo Wang

Merger-as-a-Stealer: Stealing Targeted PII from Aligned LLMs with Model Merging

Lin Lu, Zhigang Zuo, Ziji Sheng, Pan Zhou

MoSEs: Uncertainty-Aware AI-Generated Text Detection via Mixture of Stylistics Experts with Conditional Thresholds

Junxi Wu, Jinpeng Wang, Zheng Liu, Bin Chen, Dongjian Hu

AQuilt: Weaving Logic and Self-Inspection into Low-Cost, High-Relevance Data Synthesis for Specialist LLMs

Xiaopeng Ke, Hexuan Deng, Xuebo Liu, Jun Rao, Zhenxi Song

OmniEval: An Omnidirectional and Automatic RAG Evaluation Benchmark in Financial Domain

Shuting Wang, Jiejun Tan, Zhicheng Dou, Ji-Rong Wen

A Multi-Agent Framework with Automated Decision Rule Optimization for Cross-Domain Misinformation Detection

Hui Li, Ante Wang, Kunquan Li, Zhihao Wang, Liang Zhang

RCScore: Quantifying Response Consistency in Large Language Models

Dongjun Jang, Youngchae Ahn, Hyopil Shin

Rethinking Cross-Subject Data Splitting for Brain-to-Text Decoding

Congchi Yin, Qian Yu, Zhiwei Fang, Changping Peng, Piji Li

Improving Low-Resource Sequence Labeling with Knowledge Fusion and Contextual Label Explanations

Peichao Lai, Jiaxin Gan, Feiyang YE, Wentao Zhang, Fangcheng Fu

GRPO-LEAD: A Difficulty-Aware Reinforcement Learning Approach for Concise Mathematical Reasoning in Language Models

Jixiao Zhang, Chunsheng Zuo

UnitCoder: Scalable Code Synthesis from Pre-training Corpora

Yichuan Ma, Yunfan Shao, Peiji Li, Demin Song, Qipeng Guo

Tree-of-Quote Prompting Improves Factuality and Attribution in Multi-Hop and Medical Reasoning

Justin Xu, Yiming Li, Zizheng Zhang, Augustine Yui Hei Luk, Mayank Jobanputra

TRUST-VL: An Explainable News Assistant for General Multimodal Misinformation Detection

Zehong Yan, Peng Qi, Wynne Hsu, Mong-Li Lee

SEPS: A Separability Measure for Robust Unlearning in LLMs

Wonje Jeung, Sangyeon Yoon, Albert No