ACL 2026

2,650 papers

Route to Rome Attack: Directing LLM Routers to Expensive Models via Adversarial Suffix Optimization

Haochun Tang, Yuliang Yan, Jiahua Lu, Huaxiao Liu, Enyan Dai

DarwinTOD: LLM-Driven Lifelong Self-evolution for Task-oriented Dialog Systems

Shuyu Zhang, Yujie Liu, Xinru Wang, Cheng Zhang, Yanmin Zhu

Do MLLMs Capture How Interfaces Guide User Behavior? A Benchmark for Multimodal UI/UX Design Understanding

Jaehyun Jeon, Min Soo Kim, Janghan Yoon, Sumin Shim, Yejin Choi

ReTRE: Benchmarking LLM Transfer Robustness with Structure-Preserving Variants

ZhongDong Li, Weijie Shi, Yue Cui, Haolun MA, Yuanjun Liu

ParaSuite: Boosting LLM Reasoning via Paradox Resolution

Bin Chen, Yu Zhang, Hongfei Ye, Huiyang Wang, Wenxi Liu

Feeling Right vs. Being Right: How AI Sycophancy Affects Value-Laden Deliberation

Jeongwoo Ryu, Soomin Kim, Jinsu Eun, Kyusik Kim, Changhoon Oh

MTRouter: Cost-Aware Multi-Turn LLM Routing with History–Model Joint Embeddings

Yiqun Zhang, Hao Li, Zihan Wang, Shi Feng, Xiaocui Yang

Nature-Inspired Population-Based Evolution of Large Language Models

Yiqun Zhang, Peng Ye, Xiaocui Yang, Shi Feng, Shufei Zhang

POLYCHARTQA: Benchmarking Large Vision-Language Models with Multilingual Chart Question Answering

Yichen Xu, Liangyu Chen, Liang Zhang, Zihao Yue, Jianzhe Ma

Response-G1: Explicit Scene Graph Modeling for Proactive Streaming Video Understanding

Ke Ma, Jiaqi Tang, Bin Guo, Xueting Han, Ruonan Xu

Investigating Counterfactual Unfairness in LLMs towards Identities through Humor

Shubin Kim, Yejin Son, Junyeong Park, Keummin Ka, Seungbeen Lee

MTA:A Merge-then-Adapt Framework for Personalized Large Language Models

Xiaopeng Li, Yuanjin Zheng, Wanyu Wang, Wenlin Zhang, Pengyue Jia

Lost in Execution: On the Multilingual Robustness of Tool Calling in Large Language Models

Zheng Luo, T Pranav Kutralingam, Ogochukwu N. Okoani, Wanpeng Xu, Hua Wei

CT-FineBench: A Diagnostic Fidelity Benchmark for Fine-Grained Evaluation of CT Report Generation

Ruifeng Yuan, Wanxing Chang, Weiwei Cao, Bowen Shi, zhongyu wei

Trajectory2Task: Training Robust Tool-Calling Agents with Synthesized Yet Verifiable Data for Complex User Intents

Ziyi Wang, Yuxuan Lu, Yimeng Zhang, Pei Chen, Ziwei Dong

The Bitter Lesson of Diffusion Language Models for Agentic Workflows: A Comprehensive Reality Check

Qingyu Lu, Liang Ding, Kanjian Zhang, Jinxia Zhang, Dacheng Tao

RATE: Reviewer Profiling and Annotation-free Training for Expertise Ranking in Peer Review Systems

Weicong Liu, Zixuan Yang, Yibo Zhao, Xiang Li

Can LLM Agents Simulate Multi-Turn Human Behavior? Evidence from Real Online Customer Behavior Data

Yuxuan Lu, Jing Huang, Yan Han, Bingsheng Yao, Sisong Bei

OPeRA: A Dataset of Observation, Persona, Rationale, and Action for Evaluating LLMs on Human Online Shopping Behavior Simulation

Ziyi Wang, Yuxuan Lu, Wenbo Li, Amirali Amini, Bo Sun

PPA-Plan: Proactive Pitfall Avoidance for Reliable Planning in Long-Context LLM Reasoning

Byeongjin Kim, Gyuwan Kim, Seo Yeon Park

ReCode: Reinforcing Code Generation with Reasoning-Process Rewards

Lishui Fan, Yu Zhang, Mouxiang Chen, Zhongxin Liu

Can You Make It Sound Like You? Post-Editing LLM-Generated Text for Personal Style

Connor Baumler, Calvin Bao, Huy Nghiem, Xinchen Yang, Marine Carpuat

LANG: Reinforcement Learning for Multilingual Reasoning with Language-Adaptive Hint Guidance

Yuchun Fan, Bei Li, Peiguang Li, Yilin Wang, Yongyu Mu

Programming over Thinking: Efficient and Robust Multi-Constraint Planning

Derrick Goh Xin Deik, Quanyu Long, Zhengyuan Liu, Nancy F. Chen, Wenya Wang

Reward Alignment Optimization: A Direct Point-wise Alignment Approach

Zelin Li, Jia Leng, Dawei Song, Yangen Hu

A Survey of Large Language Models for Text-Guided Molecular Discovery: From Molecule Generation to Optimization

Ziqing Wang, KeXin Zhang, Zihan Zhao, Yibo Wen, Abhishek Pandey

Activation Decomposition and Steering for LLM Backdoor Remediation

Lingfeng Zhong, Qiongkai Xu, Usman Naseem

MolMem: Memory-Augmented Agentic Reinforcement Learning for Sample-Efficient Molecular Optimization

Ziqing Wang, Yibo Wen, Abhishek Pandey, Han Liu, Kaize Ding

SMILE-Next: Teaching Large Language Models to Detect, Classify, and Reason about Laughter

Lee Jung-Mok, Kim Sung-Bin, Joohyun Chang, Lee Hyun, Tae-Hyun Oh

BanHADEX: Towards Explainable HAte Speech Detection in Bangla Using Human Annotated EXplanation

Faisal Hossain Raquib, Akm Moshiur Rahman Mazumder, Md Fahim, Md Tahmid Hasan Fuad, Md Farhan Ishmam

Knowledge Vector of Logical Reasoning in Large Language Models

Zixuan Wang, Yuanyuan Lei

MIND: From Passive Mimicry to Active Reasoning through Capability-Aware Multi-Perspective CoT Distillation

Jin Cui, Jiaqi Guo, Jiepeng Zhou, Ruixuan Yang, Jiayi Lu

PodBench: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Instruction-Aware Audio-Oriented Podcast Script Generation

Chenning Xu, Mao Zheng, Mingyu Zheng, Mingyang Song

Explainable Disentangled Representation Learning for Generalizable Authorship Attribution in the Era of Generative AI

Hieu Man, Van-Cuong Pham, Nghia Trung Ngo, Franck Dernoncourt, Thien Huu Nguyen

A Lightweight Explainable Guardrail for Prompt Safety

Md Asiful Islam, Mihai Surdeanu

EVOTOOL: Self-Evolving Tool-Use Policy Optimization in LLM Agents via Blame-Aware Mutation and Diversity-Aware Selection

Shuo Yang, Caren Han, Xueqi Ma, Yan Li, Mohammad Reza Ghasemi Madani

FAIRGAMER: Evaluating Social Biases in LLM-Based Video Game NPCs

Bingkang Shi, Jen-tse Huang, Luo Long, Tianyu Zong, Hongzhu Yi

ServImage: An Image Generation and Editing Benchmark from Real-world Commercial Imaging Services

Fengxian Ji, Jingpu Yang, Zirui Song, Lang Gao, Junhong Liang

Understanding the Behaviors of Environment-aware Information Retrieval

Ruifeng Yuan, Chaohao Yuan, David Dai, Yu Rong, Hong Cheng

Locate and Explain: Joint Multimodal Emotion Cause Extraction and Summarization in Conversation

Jikun Wan, Chen Gong, Guohong Fu

P-Check: Advancing Personalized Reward Model via Learning to Generate Dynamic Checklist

Kwangwook Seo, Dongha Lee

Deep Research with Open-Domain Evaluation and Multi-Stage Guardrails for Safety

Wei-Chieh Huang, Henry Peng Zou, Yaozu Wu, Dongyuan Li, yankai Chen

SAT: Balancing Reasoning Accuracy and Efficiency with Stepwise Adaptive Thinking

Weiyang Huang, Xuefeng Bai, Kehai Chen, Xinyang Chen, Yibin Chen

LEAF: Knowledge Distillation of Text Embedding Models with Teacher-Aligned Representations

Robin Vujanic, Thomas Rückstieß

EdgeFormer: Latency-Aware Collaborative Multi-Head Attention of Transformer Inference in Edge Networks

Yiming Yao, Jianwei Niu, Bin Dai, Tao Ren

Simple Agents, Biased Judges: Efficient Multi-Party Dialogue Generation & The Evaluation Gap

Kunal Samanta, Faisal Tareque Shohan, Amine Trabelsi, Richard Khoury

SiLP: Enhancing Non-Dominant Language Capabilities with a Selective Bidirectional Language Projection Framework

Junpeng Liu, Jiuyi Li, Kaiyu Huang, Bo Jin, Degen Huang

From Trajectories to Graphs: Contract-Checked Editing for Verifier-Guided LLM Reasoning

Rui Li, Shuang Cao

ViLL-E: Video LLM Embeddings for Retrieval

Rohit Gupta, Jayakrishnan Unnikrishnan, Fan Fei, Sheng Liu, Son Tran

Do Morals Guide How LLMs Think? The Role of Ethical Perspectives in General Problem Solving

Iseo Kim, Eunjin Hong, Juae Kim

C-World: A Computer Use Agent Environment Creator

Ziqiao Xi, Shuang Liang, Qi Liu, Jiaqing Zhang, Letian Peng

Sparse-RL: Breaking the Memory Wall in LLM Reinforcement Learning via Stable Sparse Rollouts

Sijia Luo, Xiaokang Zhang, Yuxuan Hu, Bohan Zhang, Ke Wang

HeteroCache: A Dynamic Retrieval Approach to Heterogeneous KV Cache Compression for Long-Context LLM Inference

Zhiyuan Shi, Qibo Qiu, Xuefeng, Zhonglin Jiang, Li Yu

When Personalization Tricks Detectors: The Feature-Inversion Trap in Machine-Generated Text Detection

Lang Gao, Xuhui Li, Chenxi Wang, Mingzhe Li, Wei Liu

Speech-Hands: A Self-Reflection Voice Agentic Approach to Speech Recognition and Audio Reasoning with Omni Perception

Zhen Wan, Chao-Han Huck Yang, Jinchuan Tian, Hanrong Ye, Ankita Pasad

Beyond the Leaderboard: Rethinking Medical Benchmarks for Large Language Models

Wenxuan Wang, Zizhan Ma, Guo Yu, Yiu-Fai Cheung, Meidan Ding

Explain the Synth: Interpretable Evaluation of LLM Data Synthesis

Yue Yang, Fan Yang, Yu Bai, Hao Wang

RL-PLUS: Countering Capability Boundary Collapse of LLMs in Reinforcement Learning with Hybrid-policy Optimization

Yihong Dong, Xue Jiang, Yongding Tao, Huanyu Liu, Kechi Zhang

ReActR: Reasoning through Error-Activated Reflection for LLM Post-Training

Lina Sun

How do Role Models Shape Collective Morality? Exemplar-Driven Moral Learning in Multi-Agent Simulation

Junjie Liao, Huacong Tang, Zhou Ziheng, Yizhou Wang, Fangwei Zhong

Credal Concept Bottleneck Models for Epistemic–Aleatoric Uncertainty Decomposition

Tanmoy Mukherjee, Thomas Bailleux, Pierre Marquis, Zied Bouraoui

AdapShot: Adaptive Many-Shot In-Context Learning with Semantic-Aware KV Cache Reuse

Jie Ou, Jinyu Guo, Shiyao Guo, Yuang Li, Ruiqi Wu

Thinking Alignment of Scenario-Oriented User Simulation

Xiaoting Wu, Yi Huang, Chunyang Gao, Mengfei Guo, Jingyu Yao

AutoRAN: Automated Hijacking of Safety Reasoning in Large Reasoning Models

Jiacheng Liang, Tanqiu Jiang, Yuhui Wang, Rongyi Zhu, Fenglong Ma

Value of Information: A Framework for Human–Agent Communication

Yijiang River Dong, Tiancheng Hu, Zheng Hui, Caiqi Zhang, Ivan Vulić

Reasoning Traces Shape Outputs but Models Won’t Say So

Yijie Hao, Lingjie Chen, Ali Emami, Joyce C. Ho

ARES: Adaptive Red-Teaming and End-to-End Repair of Policy-Reward System

Jiacheng Liang, Yao Ma, Tharindu Kumarage, Satyapriya Krishna, Rahul Gupta

GUIDE: Towards Scalable Advising for Research Ideas

Yaowenqi Liu, BingXu Meng, Rui Pan, Yuxing Liu, Jerry Huang

TokenTiming: A Dynamic Alignment Method for Universal Speculative Decoding Model Pairs

Sibo Xiao, Fu Jinyuan, Zhongle Xie, Lidan Shou

MDP-GRPO: Stabilized Group Relative Policy Optimization for Multi-Constraint Instruction Following

Mohammad Mahdi Salmani-Zarchi, Zahra Rahimi, Heshaam Faili, Mohammad Javad Dousti

BioProAgent: Neuro-Symbolic Grounding for Constrained Scientific Planning

Yuyang Liu, Jingya Wang, Liuzhenghao Lv, Yonghong Tian

CoDial: Interpretable Task-Oriented Dialogue Systems Through Dialogue Flow Alignment

Radin Shayanfar, Chu Fei Luo, Rohan V Bhambhoria, Samuel Dahan, Xiaodan Zhu

Estimating the Black-box LLM Uncertainty with Distribution-Aligned Adversarial Distillation

Huizi Cui, Huan Ma, Qilin Wang, YuHang Gao, Changqing Zhang

Advancing Reasoning in Diffusion Language Models with Denoising Process Rewards

Shaoan Xie, Lingjing Kong, Xiangchen Song, Xinshuai Dong, Guangyi Chen

JW-SVD: Bridging the Cross-Modal Mismatch in Post-Training MLLM Compression

Runchao Li, Yao Fu, Mu Sheng, Haotian Yu, Xianxuan Long

TLPO: Token-Level Policy Optimization for Mitigating Language Confusion in Large Language Models

Jinho Choo, JunSeung Lee, Jimyeong Kim, Yeeho Song, S. K. Hong

Uncertainty-Aware Test-Time Search for Optimization Problem Solving

Linlin Yu, Xujiang Zhao, Dong Li, Yanchi Liu, Wei Cheng

AdaFuse: Adaptive Ensemble Decoding for Large Language Models

Chengming Cui, Tianxin Wei, Ziyi Chen, Ruizhong Qiu, Zhichen Zeng

EDUMATH: Generating Standards-aligned Educational Math Word Problems

Bryan R Christ, Penelope Molitz, Beau LeBlond, Zachary Gottesman, Jonathan Kropko

SecureGate: Learning When to Reveal PII Safely via Token-Gated Dual-Adapters for Federated LLMs

Mohamed Shaaban, Mohamed Elmahallawy

ACBQ: Adaptive Cross-Block Quantization of Large Language Models

Hailing Wang, Jianglin Lu, Yitian Zhang, Huimin Zeng, Yun Fu

A Structured Clustering Approach for Inducing Media Narratives

Rohan Das, Advait Deshmukh, Alexandria Leto, Zohar Naaman, I-Ta Lee

GraphSynth: Resolving the Diversity-Reliability Trade-off with Probabilistic Factor Graphs

Zehua Cheng, Wei Dai, Jiahao Sun, Thomas Lukasiewicz

Effects of Collaboration on the Performance of Interactive Theme Discovery Systems

Alvin Po-Chun Chen, Rohan Das, Dananjay Srinivas, Alexandra Barry, Maksim Seniw

GCA Framework: A GCC Countries–Grounded Dataset and Agentic Pipeline for Climate Decision Support

Muhammad Umer Sheikh, Khawar Shehzad, Salman Khan, Fahad Shahbaz Khan, Muhammad Haris Khan

LogosKG: Hardware-Optimized Scalable and Interpretable Knowledge Graph Retrieval

He Cheng, Yifu Wu, Saksham Khatwani, Maya Kruse, Dmitriy Dligach

The African Languages Lab: A Collaborative Approach to Advancing Low-Resource African NLP

Sheriff Issaka, Keyi Wang, Yinka Ajibola, Oluwatumininu Samuel-Ipaye, Zhaoyi Zhang

LLMSurgeon: Diagnosing Data Mixture of Large Language Models

Yaxin Luo, Jiacheng Cui, Xiaohan Zhao, Xinyi Shang, Jiacheng Liu

HypoEval: Hypothesis-Guided Evaluation for Natural Language Generation

Mingxuan Li, Hanchen Li, Chenhao Tan

Empowering Multi-Turn Tool-Integrated Agentic Reasoning with Group Turn Policy Optimization

Yifeng Ding, Hung Le, Songyang Han, Kangrui Ruan, Zhenghui Jin

A Survey of Multimodal Mathematical Reasoning: From Perception, Alignment to Reasoning

Tianyu Yang, Sihong Wu, Yilun Zhao, Zhenwen Liang, Lisen Dai

Simulated Students in Tutoring Dialogues: Substance or Illusion?

Alexander Scarlatos, Jaewook Lee, Simon Woodhead, Andrew Lan

Constructing Interpretable Features from Compositional Neuron Groups

Or David Shafran, Atticus Geiger, Mor Geva

PRBench: Large-Scale Expert Rubrics for Evaluating High-Stakes Professional Reasoning

Afra Feyza Akyürek, Advait Gosai, Chen Bo Calvin Zhang, Vipul Gupta, Jaehwan Jeong

Evaluating Language Model Pluralism through In-the-wild Crowd Discussions

Gagan Mundada, Rohan Surana, Nandhini Swaminathan, Bodhisattwa Prasad Majumder, Junda Wu

Can Large Language Models Keep Up? Benchmarking Online Adaptation to Continual Knowledge Streams

Jiyeon Kim, Hyunji Lee, Dylan Zhou, Sue Hyun Park, Seunghyun Yoon

A BERTology View of LLM Orchestrations: Token- and Layer-Selective Probes for Efficient Single-Pass Classification

Gonzalo Ariel Meyoyan, Luciano Del Corro

AV-Dialog: Spoken Dialogue Models with Audio-Visual Input

Tuochao Chen, Bandhav Veluri, Hongyu Gong, Shyamnath Gollakota

PEAR: Pairwise Evaluation for Automatic Relative Scoring in Machine Translation

Lorenzo Proietti, Roman Grundkiewicz, Matt Post

Paper Circle: An Open-source Multi-agent Research Discovery and Analysis Framework

Komal Kumar, Aman Chadha, Salman Khan, Fahad Shahbaz Khan, Hisham Cholakkal