ACL 2026

2,650 papers

DPEPO: Diverse Parallel Exploration Policy Optimization for LLM-based Agents

Junshuo Zhang, Chengrui Huang, Feng Guo, Zihan Li, Ke Shi

UniSRM: A Unified Speech Reward Model for Reasoning-Based Fine-grained Assessment

Yuanyuan Wang, Dongchao Yang, Yayue Deng, Zhiyong Wu, Steven Y. Guo

Overcoming Copyright Barriers in Corpus Distribution Through Non-Reversible Hashing

Arthur Amalvy, Vincent Labatut, Xavier Bost, Hen-Hsen Huang

MADE: A Living Benchmark for Multi-Label Text Classification with Uncertainty Quantification of Medical Device Adverse Events

Raunak Agarwal, Markus A. Wenzel, Simon Baur, Jonas Zimmer, George Harvey

FactCorrector: A Graph-Inspired Approach to Long-Form Factuality Correction of Large Language Models

Javier Carnerero-Cano, Massimiliano Pronesti, Radu Marinescu, Tigran T. Tchrakian, James Barry

MUTANT: A Recipe for Multilingual Tokenizer Design

Souvik Rana, Ashish Kulkarni, Arul Menezes, Chandra Khatri, Shubham Agarwal

EDSD: Entropy-Driven Design for Faster Speculative Decoding

Longkai Cheng, Ximing Wang, Jiangcai Zhu, Kailai Shao, Chao Chen

Rethinking Composed Image Retrieval Evaluation: A Fine-Grained Benchmark from Image Editing

Tingyu Song, Yanzhao Zhang, Mingxin Li, Zhuoning Guo, Dingkun Long

Dual Alignment Between Language Model Layers and Human Sentence Processing

Tatsuki Kuribayashi, Alex Warstadt, Yohei Oseki, Ethan Gotlieb Wilcox

CEBC: Conformal Evidence-Bounded Control for Low-Hallucination Vision–Language Generation

Ashish Mishra, Tarun Kumar, Arpit Shah, Suparna Bhattacharya, Martin Foltin

Data Efficient RLVR via Off-Policy Influence Guidance

Erle Zhu, Dazhi Jiang, Yuan Wang, Xujun Li, Jiale Cheng

Paper2Rebuttal: A Multi-Agent Framework for Transparent Author Response Assistance

Qianli Ma, Chang Guo, Zhiheng Tian, Siyu Wang, Jipeng Xiao

COMPASS: A Framework for Evaluating Organization-Specific Policy Alignment in LLMs

Dasol Choi, DongGeon Lee, Brigitta Jesica Kartono, Helena Berndt, Taeyoun Kwon

BioTool: A Comprehensive Tool-Calling Dataset for Enhancing Biomedical Capabilities of Large Language Models

Xin Gao, Ruiyi Zhang, Meixi Du, Peijia Qin, Pengtao Xie

Mind the Pause: Disfluency-Aware Objective Tuning for Multilingual Speech Correction with LLMs

Deepak Kumar, Baban Gain, Asif Ekbal

LogicEval: A Systematic Framework for Evaluating Automated Repair Techniques for Logical Vulnerabilities in Real-World Software

Syed Md Mukit Rashid, Abdullah Al Ishtiaq, Kai Tu, Yilu Dong, Tianwei Wu

From Recognition to Reasoning: Benchmarking and Enhancing MLLMs on Real-World Receipt Document Understanding

Yandi Wang, Libin Zhan, Ziwei Huang, Tiancheng Luo, Yuxuan Jiang

Synthia: Scalable Grounded Persona Generation from Social Media Data

Vahid Rahimzadeh, Erfan Moosavi Monazzah, Mohammad Taher Pilehvar, Yadollah Yaghoobzadeh

Evaluating Temporal Consistency in Multi-Turn Language Models

Yash Kumar Atri, Steven L. Johnson, Thomas Hartvigsen

CxMP: A Linguistic Minimal-Pair Benchmark for Evaluating Constructional Understanding in Language Models

Miyu Oba, Saku Sugawara

Reinforcement Learning for Diffusion LLMs via Energy-Based Gibbs Alignment

Yijia Fan, Jing Yang, Mingyu Liu, Kaitong Cai, Jian Wang

Privacy-R1: Privacy-Aware Multi-LLM Agent Collaboration via Reinforcement Learning

Zheng Hui, Yijiang River Dong, Sanhanat Sivapiromrat, Ehsan Shareghi, Nigel Collier

Doc-V*: Coarse-to-Fine Interactive Visual Reasoning for Multi-Page Document VQA

Yuanlei Zheng, Pei Fu, Hang Li, Ziyang Wang, Yuyi Zhang

When High Accuracy Hides Poor Calibration: Rethinking Confidence Evaluation in Transformer-Based Text Classification with Balanced Brier Score

Guilherme Fonseca, Gabriel Prenassi, Washington Cunha, Leonardo Chaves Dutra Da Rocha, Marcos André Gonçalves

SURE or Not? Investigating Semantic Understanding in Dense Retrieval Models

Lingdi Kong, Xuanang Chen, Ben He, Le Sun

Interpretable Coreference Resolution Evaluation Using Explicit Semantics

Bruno Gatti, Giuliano Martinelli, Roberto Navigli

EverMemOS: A Self-Organizing Memory Operating System for Structured Long-Horizon Reasoning

Chuanrui Hu, Xingze Gao, Zuyi Zhou, Dannong Xu, Yi Bai

Mind’s Eye: A Benchmark of Visual Abstraction, Transformation and Composition for Multimodal LLMs

Rohit Sinha, Aditya Sanjiv Kanade, Sai Srinivas Kancheti, Vineeth N. Balasubramanian, Tanuja Ganu

LLM-Based Multi-Agent Systems for Clinical Workflows: A Survey of AI Hospitals

Zonghai Yao, Hong Yu

Thinking-Based Non-Thinking: Solving the Reward Hacking Problem in Training Hybrid Reasoning Models via Reinforcement Learning

Siyuan Gan, Jiaheng Liu, Boyan Wang, Tianpei Yang, Runqing Miao

EconProver: Towards More Economical Test-Time Scaling for Automated Theorem Proving

Mukai Li, Linfeng Song, Zhenwen Liang, Jiahao Xu, Shansan Gong

Multi-Task Representation Alignment on Language Understanding: A Mutual Information Perspective

Dou Hu, Lingwei Wei, Hongjiang Xiao, Songlin Hu, yuan zhang

Learning Invariant Modality Representation for Robust Multimodal Learning from a Causal Inference Perspective

Sijie Mai, Shiqin Han

NSF-SciFy: Mining the NSF Awards Database for Scientific Claims

Delip Rao, Weiqiu You, Eric Wong, Chris Callison-Burch

SciCustom: A Framework for Custom Evaluation of Scientific Capabilities in Large Language Models

Yiyang Gu, Junwei Yang, Junyu Luo, Ye Yuan, Bin Feng

Selective Contrastive Learning For Gloss Free Sign Language Translation

Chang Hao Lai, Rui Zhao, Xuewen Zhong, Jinsong Su, Yidong Chen

A Linguistics-Aware LLM Watermarking via Syntactic Predictability

Shinwoo Park, Hyejin Park, Hyeseon An, Yo-Sub Han

SkMTEB: Slovak Massive Text Embedding Benchmark and Model Adaptation

Marek Suppa, Andrej Ridzik, Daniel Hládek, Natália Kňažeková, Viktória Ondrejová

PRISMA: Preference-Reinforced Self-Training Approach for Interpretable Emotionally Intelligent Negotiation Dialogues

Prajwal Vijay Kajare, Priyanshu Priya, Bikash Santra, Asif Ekbal

Evaluating Structure-Aware Retrieval and Safety in Statute-Centric Legal QA

Kyubyung Chae, Jewon Yeom, JeongJae Park, Seunghyun Bae, Ijun Jang

TRACE: A Corpus of Team Creative Discussions

Yixuan Jiang, Tiancheng Hu, José Hernández-Orallo, David Stillwell, Luning Sun

Explaining Sources of Uncertainty in Automated Fact-Checking

Jingyi Sun, Greta Warren, Irina Shklovski, Isabelle Augenstein

Combining Distantly Supervised Models with In Context Learning for Monolingual and Cross-Lingual Relation Extraction

Vipul Kumar Rathore, Malik Hammad Faisal, Parag Singla, Mausam

Why Do More Experts Fail? A Theoretical Analysis of Model Merging

Zijing Wang, Xingle Xu, Yongkang Liu, Yiqun Zhang, Peiqin Lin

Rose-SQL: Role-State Evolution Guided Structured Reasoning for Multi-Turn Text-to-SQL

Le Zhou, Feng Yao, Fengcai Qiao, Bo Xu, Fangyuan Wang

JARVIS or Ultron? A Survey on the Safety and Security Threats of Computer-Using Agents

Ada Chen, Yongjiang Wu, Junyuan Zhang, Jingyu Xiao, Shu Yang

Cross-Prompt Automated Essay Scoring of Multiple Traits: Making Sense of the State of the Art

Shengjie Li, Vincent Ng

RV-HATE: Reinforced Multi-Module Voting for Implicit Hate Speech Detection

Yejin Lee, Hyeseon An, Yo-Sub Han

Perception, Understanding and Reasoning: A Multimodal Benchmark for Video Fake News Detection

Cui Yakun, Peng Qi, Fushuo Huo, Hang Du, Weijie Shi

Does RLVR Extend Reasoning Boundaries? Investigating Capability Expansion in Vision-Language Models

Minghe Shen, Zhuo Zhi, Chonghan Liu, Shuo Xing, Zhengzhong Tu

Unveiling the Limits of Large Language Models in Inferring Pragmatic Meaning from Non-Verbal Responses

Sugyeong Eo, Heuiseok Lim

SHARP: Self-adaptive Harmful Category-aware Prompt Generation for Black-box Jailbreaking

Yingjie Xue, Xingyou Xia, Jun Zhang, Yunbo Cao, Dengpan Ye

GRAD: Generalizing RAG Adaptation with Decoding

Youngwon Lee, Seung-won Hwang, Zhewei Yao, Yuxiong He

Legal Judgment Prediction: A Reflection on the State of the Art

Yi Feng, Chuanyi Li, Vincent Ng

Render-of-Thought: Rendering Textual Chain-of-Thought as Images for Visual Latent Reasoning

Yifan Wang, Shiyu Li, Peiming Li, Xiaochen Yang, Zheng Wei

Breaking the Impasse: Dual-Scale Evolutionary Policy Training for Social Language Agents

Minzheng Wang, Run Luo, Yanbo Wang, Zichen Liu, Yuqiao Tan

TwiUSD: A Benchmark Dataset and Structure-Aware LLM Framework for User Stance Detection

Fuqiang Niu, Zini Chen, Zhiyu Xie, Hu Huang, Qing Liao

Speculative End-Turn Detector for Efficient Speech Chatbot Assistant

Hyunjong Ok, Suho Yoo, Jaeho Lee

On the Role of Discriminative Models in Generative Relation Extraction

Guozheng Li, Peng Wang, Zijie Xu, Jing Zhou, Jiajun Liu

Layer-Wise High-Impact Parameter Ratio Optimization in Post-Training Quantization for Large Language Models

Cuong Pham, Anh Dung Hoang, Cuong C. Nguyen, Trung Le, Gustavo Carneiro

Authorship Attribution in Multilingual Machine-Generated Texts

Lucio La Cava, Dominik Macko, Robert Moro, Ivan Srba, Andrea Tagarelli

OMIBench: Benchmarking Olympiad-Level Multi-Image Reasoning in Large Vision-Language Models

Qiguang Chen, Chengyu Luan, Jiajun Wu, Qiming Yu, Yi Yang

Adversarial Metric Learning for Fine-Grained Emotion Classification

Junfan Chen, Sizhe Wu, Richong Zhang, Chunming Hu

Learning Faster with Better Tokens: Parameter-Efficient Vocabulary Adaptation for Specialized Text Summarization

Gunjan Balde, Soumyadeep Roy, Mainack Mondal, Niloy Ganguly

Revealing the Seen, Imagining the Beyond: A Survey of Image-Grounded Chain-of-Thought Reasoning in Multimodal LLMs

Qihua Dong, Yitian Zhang, Huimin Zeng, Yizhou Wang, Jianglin Lu

Diagnosing and Remedying Representation Deficiencies for Deterministic Reasoning in KGQA

Gewen Liang, Mufan Xu, Kehai Chen, Wei Wang, Yuwei Wang

PolitNuggets: Benchmarking Agentic Discovery of Long-Tail Political Facts

Yifei Zhu

Learning How and What to Memorize: Cognition-Inspired Two-Stage Optimization for Evolving Memory

Derong Xu, Shuochen Liu, Pengfei Luo, Pengyue Jia, Yingyi Zhang

MMErroR: A Benchmark for Erroneous Reasoning in Vision-Language Models

Yang Shi, Yifeng Xie, Minzhe Guo, Liangsi Lu, Mingxuan Huang

How Long Reasoning Chains Influence LLMs’ Judgment of Answer Factuality

Minzhu Tu, Shiyu Ni, Keping Bi

Building LLMs Like LEGO: Two-dimensional Architecture Reassembly of Large Language Models

Xingyu Wu, Yu Zhou, KC Tan

Lost in the Mix: Evaluating LLM Understanding of Code-Switched Text

Amr Mohamed, Yang Zhang, Michalis Vazirgiannis, Guokan Shang

One Persona, Many Cues, Different Results: How Sociodemographic Cues Impact LLM Personalization

Franziska Weeber, Vera Neplenbroek, Jan Batzner, Sebastian Padó

Fine-Grained Analysis of Shared Syntactic Mechanisms in Language Models

Ryoma Kumon, Hitomi Yanaka

TInR: Exploring Tool-Internalized Reasoning in Large Language Models

Qiancheng Xu, Yongqi Li, Fan LIU, Hongru Wang, Min Yang

I2E: From Image Pixels to Actionable Interactive Environments for Text-Guided Image Editing

Jinghan Yu, Junhao Xiao, Chenyu Zhu, Jiaming Li, Jia Li

Don’t Corrupt the Fact: A Trustworthy RAG Watermarking Framework based on Dual Factual Shield

Hao Huang, JiaTang Luo, Ruihua Zhou, Yunpeng Li, Yuling Liu

VL-Calibration: Decoupled Confidence Calibration for Large Vision-Language Models Reasoning

Wenyi Xiao, Xinchi XU, Leilei Gan

Truth as a Trajectory: What Internal Representations Reveal About Large Language Model Reasoning

Hamed Damirchi, Imezadelajara, Ehsan Abbasnejad, Afshar Shamsi, Zhen Zhang

HSGraphAgent: Knowledge-Graph-Guided Large Language Models for Harmonized System Code Classification

Qiang Xia, Zijian Zhang, Ao Wang, Wenhan Wang, Xiangyu Wang

When Benchmarks Leak: Inference-Time Decontamination for LLMs

Jianzhe Chai, Yu Zhe, Jun Sakuma

SciMDR: Advancing Scientific Multimodal Document Reasoning

Ziyu Chen, Yilun Zhao, Chengye Wang, Rilyn R. Han, Manasi Patwardhan

Parallel Test-Time Scaling for Latent Reasoning Models

Runyang You, Yongqi Li, Meng Liu, Wenjie Wang, Liqiang Nie

Benchmarking Fine-Grained Error Detection in Multimodal Reasoning

Chi-Min Chan, Han Zhu, Chunyang Jiang, Jiaming Ji, Juntao Dai

DialDefer: A Framework for Detecting and Mitigating LLM Dialogic Deference

Parisa Rabbani, Priyam Sahoo, Ruben Mathew, Aishee Mondal, Harshita Ketharaman

When Does Language Matter? Multilingual Instructions Reveal Step-wise Language Sensitivity in Vision-Language-Action Models

Xuan Dong, Zhe Han, Tianhao Niu, Qingfu Zhu, Wanxiang Che

GMoE: Global Mixture of Experts with Logit Propagation

Geonwoo Hong, Taehwan Kim

DAC-Bench: A Decision-Aware Benchmark for Compositional Mobile GUI Tasks

Yuqing Zhang, Honghui Sheng, Xueyu Hu, Shengyu Zhang, Fei Wu

CLAOCS-TX: Cross-Lingual Triplet Extraction with Aspect-Opinion-Aware Code-Switched Prompting and LLM-Guided Contrastive Distillation

Lipika Dewangan, Chandresh Kumar Maurya

INFACT: A Diagnostic Benchmark for Induced Faithfulness and Factuality Hallucinations in Video-LLMs

Yangjunqi, Yuecong Min, Jie Zhang, Shiguang Shan, Xilin Chen

MemRec: Collaborative Memory-Augmented Agentic Recommender System

Weixin Chen, Yuhan Zhao, Jingyuan Huang, Zihe Ye, Mingxuan Ju

Beyond Fully Random Masking: Attention-Guided Denoising and Optimization for Diffusion Language Models

Jia Deng, Junyi Li, Xin Zhao, Jinpeng Wang, Hongyu Lu

Through the Magnifying Glass: Adaptive Perception Magnification for Hallucination-Free VLM Decoding

Shunqi Mao, Chaoyi Zhang, Weidong Cai

AgentGym2: Benchmarking Large Language Model Agents in De-Idealized Real-World Environments

Zhiheng Xi, Dingwen Yang, Jiaqi Liu, Jixuan Huang, Honglin Guo

AIPO: Adaptive Information Guided Token-Level Reinforcement Learning for Large Language Model Reasoning

Bin Chen, Hongfei Ye, Huiyang Wang, Wenxi Liu, Yu Zhang

SafeConstellations: Mitigating Over-Refusals in LLMs Through Task-Aware Representation Steering

Utsav Maskey, Sumit Yadav, Mark Dras, Usman Naseem

Automatic and Reliable Evaluation for Academic Caption-to-Figure Generation with LMMs

Guanghui Ye, Huan Zhao, Qin Zhu, Fengnan Li, Jiaqi Li

rSIM: Incentivizing Reasoning Capabilities of LLMs via Reinforced Strategy Injection

Sijia Chen, Baochun Li, Di Niu

Understanding the Prompt Sensitivity

Yang Liu, Chenhui Chu

GUI0: Self-Evolving Foundational GUI Agents in Super App Ecosystems

Xinyi Wang, Wei Dai, Kyle Qiao, Ke Wang, Peng Chen