EMNLP 2025

4,182 papers

Self-Retrieval from Distant Contexts for Document-Level Machine Translation

Ziqian Peng, Rachel Bawden, François Yvon

Targeted Source Text Editing for Machine Translation: Exploiting Quality Estimators and Large Language Models

Hyuga Koretaka, Atsushi Fujita, Tomoyuki Kajiwara

DTW-Align: Bridging the Modality Gap in End-to-End Speech Translation with Dynamic Time Warping Alignment

Abderrahmane Issam, Yusuf Can Semerci, Jan Scholtes, Gerasimos Spanakis

Character-Aware English-to-Japanese Translation of Fictional Dialogue Using Speaker Embeddings and Back-Translation

Ayuna Nagato, Takuya Matsuzaki

Factors Affecting Translation Quality in In-context Learning for Multilingual Medical Domain

Jonathan Mutal, Raphael Rubino, Pierrette Bouillon

OpenWHO: A Document-Level Parallel Corpus for Health Translation in Low-Resource Languages

Raphael Merx, Hanna Suominen, Trevor Cohn, Ekaterina Vylomova

Specification-Aware Machine Translation and Evaluation for Purpose Alignment

Yoko Kayano, Saku Sugawara

GIIFT: Graph-guided Inductive Image-free Multimodal Machine Translation

Jiafeng Xiong, Yuting Zhao

Context Is Ubiquitous, but Rarely Changes Judgments: Revisiting Document-Level MT Evaluation

Ahrii Kim

Meaningful Pose-Based Sign Language Evaluation

Zifan Jiang, Colin Leong, Amit Moryossef, Oliver Cory, Maksym Ivashechkin

Audio-Based Crowd-Sourced Evaluation of Machine Translation Quality

Sami Haq, Sheila Castilho, Yvette Graham

Cross-lingual Human-Preference Alignment for Neural Machine Translation with Direct Quality Optimization

Kaden Uhlig, Joern Wuebker, Raphael Reinauer, John DeNero

An Empirical Analysis of Machine Translation for Expanding Multilingual Benchmarks

Sara Rajaee, Rochelle Choenni, Ekaterina Shutova, Christof Monz

No for Some, Yes for Others: Persona Prompts and Other Sources of False Refusal in Language Models

Flor Miriam Plaza-del-Arco, Paul Röttger, Nino Scherrer, Emanuele Borgonovo, Elmar Plischke

Reference-Guided Verdict: LLMs-as-Judges in Automatic Evaluation of Free-Form QA

Sher Badshah, Hassan Sajjad

Evaluation Sheet for Deep Research: A Use Case for Academic Survey Writing

Israel Abebe Azime, Tadesse Destaw Belay, Atnafu Lambebo Tonja

The Gemma Sutras: Fine-Tuning Gemma 3 for Sanskrit Sandhi Splitting

Samarth P, Sanjay Balaji Mahalingam

Challenges in Processing Chinese Texts Across Genres and Eras

Minghao Zheng, Sarah Moeller

Improving BGE-M3 Multilingual Dense Embeddings for Nigerian Low Resource Languages

Abdulmatin Omotoso, Habeeb Shopeju, Adejumobi Monjolaoluwa Joshua, Shiloh Oni

Brown Like Chocolate: How Vision-Language Models Associate Skin Tone with Food Colors

Nutchanon Yongsatianchot, Pachaya Sailamul

Large Language Models as Detectors or Instigators of Hate Speech in Low-resource Ethiopian Languages

Nuhu Ibrahim, Felicity Mulford, Riza Batista-Navarro

Investigating Motivated Inference in Large Language Models

Nutchanon Yongsatianchot, Stacy Marsella

MULBERE: Multilingual Jailbreak Robustness Using Targeted Latent Adversarial Training

Anastasia Dunca, Maanas Kumar Sharma, Olivia Munoz, Victor Rosales

Emotionally Aware or Tone-Deaf? Evaluating Emotional Alignment in LLM-Based Conversational Recommendation Systems

Darshna Parmar, Pramit Mazumdar

Sarc7: Evaluating Sarcasm Detection and Generation with Seven Types and Emotion-Informed Techniques

Lang Xiong, Raina Gao, Alyssa Jeong

Is this Chatbot Trying to Sell Something? Towards Oversight of Chatbot Sales Tactics

Simrat Deol, Jack Luigi Henry Contro, Martim Brandao

Amharic News Topic Classification: Dataset and Transformer-Based Model Benchmarks

Dagnachew Mekonnen Marilign, Eyob Nigussie Alemu

That Ain’t Right: Assessing LLM Performance on QA in African American and West African English Dialects

William Coggins, Jasmine McKenzie, Sangpil Youm, Pradham Mummaleti, Juan Gilbert

Insights from a Disaggregated Analysis of Kinds of Biases in a Multicultural Dataset

Guido Ivetta, Hernán Maina, Luciana Benotti

Hybrid Fact-Checking that Integrates Knowledge Graphs, Large Language Models, and Search-Based Retrieval Agents Improves Interpretable Claim Verification

Shaghayegh Kolli, Richard Rosenbaum, Timo Cavelius, Lasse Strothe, Andrii Lata

A Simple Data Augmentation Strategy for Text-in-Image Scientific VQA

Belal Shoer, Yova Kementchedjhieva

ASR Under Noise: Exploring Robustness for Sundanese and Javanese

Salsabila Zahirah Pranida, Rifo Ahmad Genadi, Muhammad Cendekia Airlangga, Shady Shehata

ValueCompass: A Framework for Measuring Contextual Value Alignment Between Human and LLMs

Hua Shen, Tiffany Knearem, Reshmi Ghosh, Yu-Ju Yang, Nicholas Clark

ECCC: Edge Code Cloak Coder for Privacy Code Agent

Haoqi He, Wenzhi Xu, Ruoying Liu, Jiarui Tang, Bairu Li

Debiasing Large Language Models in Thai Political Stance Detection via Counterfactual Calibration

Kasidit Sermsri, Teerapong Panboonyuen

Transfer learning for dependency parsing of Vedic Sanskrit

Abhiram Vinjamuri, Weiwei Sun

Human-AI Moral Judgment Congruence on Real-World Scenarios: A Cross-Lingual Analysis

Nan Li, Bo Kang, Tijl De Bie

Fine-tuning XLM-RoBERTa for Named Entity Recognition in Kurmanji Kurdish

Akam Nawzad, Hossein Hassani

Whose Palestine Is It? A Topic Modelling Approach to National Framing in Academic Research

Maida Aizaz, Taegyoon Kim, Lanu Kim

Probing Gender Bias in Multilingual LLMs: A Case Study of Stereotypes in Persian

Ghazal Kalhor, Behnam Bahrak

GPT4AMR: Does LLM-based Paraphrasing Improve AMR-to-text Generation Fluency?

Jiyuan Ji, Shira Wein

Seeing Symbols, Missing Cultures: Probing Vision-Language Models’ Reasoning on Fire Imagery and Cultural Meaning

Haorui Yu, Yang Zhao, Yijia Chu, Qiufeng Yi

Investigating Factuality in Long-Form Text Generation: The Roles of Self-Known and Self-Unknownan

Lifu Tu, Rui Meng, Shafiq Joty, Yingbo Zhou, Semih Yavuz

DeLTa: A Decoding Strategy based on Logit Trajectory Prediction Improves Factuality and Reasoning Ability

Yunzhen He, Yusuke Takase, Hidetoshi Shimodaira

Can Vision-Language Models Infer Speaker’s Ignorance? The Role of Visual and Linguistic Cues

Ye-eun Cho, Yunho Maeng

Towards Open-Ended Discovery for Low-Resource NLP

Bonaventure F. P. Dossou, Henri Aïdasso

ERGO: Entropy-guided Resetting for Generation Optimization in Multi-turn Language Models

Haziq Mohammad Khalid, Athikash Jeyaganthan, Timothy Do, Yicheng Fu, Vasu Sharma

Calibrating Language Models for Neural Ranking under Noisy Supervision with Relaxed Labels

Arnab Sharma, Daniel Vollmers, Axel-Cyrille Ngonga Ngomo

Read Your Own Mind: Reasoning Helps Surface Self-Confidence Signals in LLMs

Jakub Podolak, Rajeev Verma

It Depends: Resolving Referential Ambiguity in Minimal Contexts with Commonsense Knowledge

Lukas Ellinger, Georg Groh

Causal Understanding by LLMs: The Role of Uncertainty

Oscar William Lithgow-Serrano, Vani Kanjirangat, Alessandro Antonucci

Towards Trustworthy Summarization of Cardiovascular Articles: A Factuality-and-Uncertainty-Aware Biomedical LLM Approach

Eleni Partalidou, Tatiana Passali, Chrysoula Zerva, Grigorios Tsoumakas, Sophia Ananiadou

Amortized Bayesian Meta-Learning for Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Models

Liyi Zhang, Jake C. Snell, Thomas L. Griffiths

Confidence-Based Response Abstinence: Improving LLM Trustworthiness via Activation-Based Uncertainty Estimation

Zhiqi Huang, Vivek Datla, Chenyang Zhu, Alfy Samuel, Daben Liu

On the Role of Unobserved Sequences on Sample-based Uncertainty Quantification for LLMs

Lucie Kunitomo-Jacquin, Edison Marrese-Taylor, Ken Fukuda

Demystify Verbosity Compensation Behavior of Large Language Models

Yusen Zhang, Sarkar Snigdha Sarathi Das, Rui Zhang

Consensus or Conflict? Fine-Grained Evaluation of Conflicting Answers in Question-Answering

Eviatar Nachshoni, Arie Cattan, Shmuel Amar, Ori Shapira, Ido Dagan

Confidence Calibration in Large Language Model-Based Entity Matching

Iris Kamsteeg, Juan Cardenas-Cartagena, Floris van Beers, Tsegaye Misikir Tashu, Matias Valdenegro-Toro

Uncertainty in Semantic Language Modeling with PIXELS

Stefania Radu, Marco Zullich, Matias Valdenegro-Toro

HALLUCINOGEN: Benchmarking Hallucination in Implicit Reasoning within Large Vision Language Models

Ashish Seth, Dinesh Manocha, Chirag Agarwal

Learning to vary: Teaching LMs to reproduce human linguistic variability in next-word prediction

Tobias Groot, Salo Lacunes, Evgenia Ilia

Asking a Language Model for Diverse Responses

Sergey Troshin, Irina Saparina, Antske Fokkens, Vlad Niculae

The Benefits of Being Uncertain: Perplexity as a Signal for Naturalness in Multilingual Machine Translation

Timothy Pistotti, Michael J. Witbrock, Dr Padriac Amato Tahua O’Leary, Jason Brown

Certain but not Probable? Differentiating Certainty from Probability in LLM Token Outputs for Probabilistic Scenarios

Autumn Toney, Ryan Wails

The Geometry of Creative Variability: How Credal Sets Expose Calibration Gaps in Language Models

Esteban Garces Arias, Julian Rodemann, Christian Heumann

Do Large Language Models Know When Not to Answer in Medical QA?

Sravanthi Machcha, Sushrita Yerra, Sharmin Sultana, Hong Yu, Zonghai Yao

Beyond Human Judgment: A Bayesian Evaluation of LLMs’ Moral Values Understanding

Maciej Skorski, Alina Landowska

Phases of Uncertainty: Confidence–Calibration Dynamics in Language Model Training

Aneesh Durai

Uncertainty-driven Partial Diacritization for Arabic Text

Humaid Ali Alblooshi, Artem Shelmanov, Hanan Aldarmaki

Know-AI at TSAR 2025 Shared Task Difficulty-aware Text Simplification System

Yiheng Wu, Anisia Katinskaia, Jue Hou, Roman Yangarber

HOPE at TSAR 2025 Shared Task Balancing Control and Complexity in Readability-Controlled Text Simplification

Sujal Maharjan, Astha Shrestha

Archaeology at TSAR 2025 Shared Task Teaching Small Models to do CEFR Simplifications

Rareş-Alexandru Roşcan, Sergiu Nisioi

SQUREL at TSAR 2025 Shared Task CEFR-Controlled Text Simplification with Prompting and Reinforcement Fine-Tuning

Daria Sokova, Anastasiia Bezobrazova, Constantin Orasan

HIT-YOU at TSAR 2025 Shared Task Leveraging Similarity-Based Few-Shot Prompting, Round-Trip Translation, and Self-Refinement for Readability-Controlled Text Simplification

Mao Shimada, Kexin Bian, Zhidong Ling, Mamoru Komachi

OUNLP at TSAR 2025 Shared Task Multi-Round Text Simplifier via Code Generation

Cuong Huynh, Jie Cao

EhiMeNLP at TSAR 2025 Shared Task Candidate Generation via Iterative Simplification and Reranking by Readability and Semantic Similarity

Rina Miyata, Koki Horiguchi, Risa Kondo, Yuki Fujiwara, Tomoyuki Kajiwara

Uniandes at TSAR 2025 Shared Task Multi-Agent CEFR Text Simplification with Automated Quality Assessment and Iterative Refinement

Felipe Arias Russi, Kevin Cohen Solano, Rubén Manrique

UoL-UPF at TSAR 2025 Shared Task A Generate-and-Select Approach for Readability-Controlled Text Simplification

Akio Hayakawa, Nouran Khallaf, Horacio Saggion, Serge Sharoff

HULAT-UC3M at TSAR 2025 Shared Task A Prompt-Based Approach using Lightweight Language Models for Readability-Controlled Text Simplification

Jesus M. Sanchez-Gomez, Lourdes Moreno, Paloma Martínez, Marco Antonio Sanchez-Escudero

EasyJon at TSAR 2025 Shared Task Evaluation of Automated Text Simplification with LLM-as-a-Judge

Paul-Gerhard Barbu, Adrianna Lipska-Dieck, Lena Lindner

taskGen at TSAR 2025 Shared Task Exploring prompt strategies with linguistic knowledge

Juan Cruz Oviedo, Elisabet Comelles Pujadas, Laura Alonso Alemany, Jordi Atserias Batalla

STARLING at TSAR 2025 Shared Task Leveraging Alternative Generations for Readability Level Adjustment in Text Simplification

Piotr Przybyła

ITU NLP at TSAR 2025 Shared Task A Three-Stage Prompting Approach for CEFR-Oriented Text Simplification

Kutay Arda Dinç, Fatih Bektaş, Gülşen Eryiǧit

GRIPF at TSAR 2025 Shared Task Towards controlled CEFR level simplification with the help of inter-model interactions

David Alfter, Sebastian Gombert

OneNRC@TSAR2025 Shared Task Small Models for Readability Controlled Text Simplification

Sowmya Vajjala

Findings of the TSAR 2025 Shared Task on Readability-Controlled Text Simplification

Fernando Alva-Manchego, Regina Stodden, Joseph Marvin Imperial, Abdullah Barayan, Kai North

Efficient On-Device Text Simplification for Firefox with Synthetic Data Fine-Tuning

Pablo Romero, Zihao Li, Matthew Shardlow

A Multi-Agent Framework with Diagnostic Feedback for Iterative Plain Language Summary Generation from Cochrane Medical Abstracts

Felipe Arias Russi, Carolina Salazar Lara, Rubén Manrique

Evaluating Health Question Answering Under Readability-Controlled Style Perturbations

Md Mushfiqur Rahman, Kevin Lybarger

Readability Reconsidered A Cross-Dataset Analysis of Reference-Free Metrics

Catarina Belem, Parker Glenn, Alfy Samuel, Anoop Kumar, Daben Liu

Medical Text Simplification From Jargon Detection to Jargon-Aware Prompting

Taiki Papandreou, Jan Bakker, Jaap Kamps

Document-level Simplification and Illustration Generation Multimodal Coherence

Yuhang Liu, Mo Zhang, Zhaoyi Cheng, Sarah Ebling

Template-Based Text-to-Image Alignment for Language Accessibility A Study on Visualizing Text Simplifications

Belkiss Souayed, Sarah Ebling, Yingqiang Gao

Potentially Problematic Word Usages and How to Detect Them: A Survey

Aina Garí Soler, Matthieu Labeau, Chloé Clavel

Towards Evaluation of Language Models with Skill Dimensions: A Case Study on Narrative Question Answering

Emil Kalbaliyev, Kairit Sirts

Connecting Concept Layers and Rationales to Enhance Language Model Interpretability

Thomas Bailleux, Tanmoy Mukherjee, Pierre Marquis, Zied Bouraoui

AdvERSEM: Adversarial Robustness Testing and Training of LLM-based Groundedness Evaluators via Semantic Structure Manipulation

Kaustubh Dhole, Ramraj Chandradevan, Eugene Agichtein

Hallucinated Span Detection with Multi-View Attention Features

Yuya Ogasa, Yuki Arase

Cross-Domain Persuasion Detection with Argumentative Features

Bagyasree Sudharsan, Maria Leonor Pacheco

SAG: Enhancing Domain-Specific Information Retrieval with Semantic-Augmented Graphs

Carol-Luca Gasan, Vasile Pais