EMNLP 2025

4,182 papers

DPED: Multi-Layer Noise Distillation for Privacy-Preserving Text Embeddings

Shuya Feng, Yuan Hong

ReSeeding Latent States for Sequential Language Understanding

Stéphane Aroca-Ouellette, Katharina von der Wense, Alessandro Roncone

LLaMP: Large Language Model Made Powerful for High-fidelity Materials Knowledge Retrieval

Yuan Chiang, Elvis Hsieh, Chia-Hong Chou, Janosh Riebesell

HyperKGR: Knowledge Graph Reasoning in Hyperbolic Space with Graph Neural Network Encoding Symbolic Path

Lihui Liu

ALLabel: Three-stage Active Learning for LLM-based Entity Recognition using Demonstration Retrieval

Zihan Chen, Lei Shi, Weize Wu, Qiji Zhou, Yue Zhang

Analyzing values about gendered language reform in LLMs’ revisions

Jules Watson, Xi Wang, Raymond Liu, Suzanne Stevenson, Barend Beekhuizen

WebMMU: A Benchmark for Multimodal Multilingual Website Understanding and Code Generation

Rabiul Awal, Mahsa Massoud, Aarash Feizi, Zichao Li, Suyuchen Wang

HESEIA: A community-based dataset for evaluating social biases in large language models, co-designed in real school settings in Latin America

Guido Ivetta, Marcos J Gomez, Sofía Martinelli, Pietro Palombini, M Emilia Echeveste

SMART: Simulated Students Aligned with Item Response Theory for Question Difficulty Prediction

Alexander Scarlatos, Nigel Fernandez, Christopher Ormerod, Susan Lottridge, Andrew Lan

Don’t Sweat the Small Stuff: Segment-Level Meta-Evaluation Based on Pairwise Difference Correlation

Colten DiIanni, Daniel Deutsch

TactfulToM: Do LLMs have the Theory of Mind ability to understand White Lies?

Yiwei Liu, Emma Jane Pretty, Jiahao Huang, Saku Sugawara

Causal Interventions Reveal Shared Structure Across English Filler–Gap Constructions

Sasha Boguraev, Christopher Potts, Kyle Mahowald

Adaptively profiling models with task elicitation

Davis Brown, Prithvi Balehannina, Helen Jin, Shreya Havaldar, Hamed Hassani

Mahānāma: A Unique Testbed for Literary Entity Discovery and Linking

Sujoy Sarkar, Gourav Sarkar, Manoj Balaji Jagadeeshan, Jivnesh Sandhan, Amrith Krishna

Infini-gram mini: Exact n-gram Search at the Internet Scale with FM-Index

Hao Xu, Jiacheng Liu, Yejin Choi, Noah A. Smith, Hannaneh Hajishirzi

RAG-Zeval: Enhancing RAG Responses Evaluator through End-to-End Reasoning and Ranking-Based Reinforcement Learning

Kun Li, Yunxiang Li, Tianhua Zhang, Hongyin Luo, Xixin Wu

Speech Discrete Tokens or Continuous Features? A Comparative Analysis for Spoken Language Understanding in SpeechLLMs

Dingdong Wang, Junan Li, Mingyu Cui, Dongchao Yang, Xueyuan Chen

Profiler: Black-box AI-generated Text Origin Detection via Context-aware Inference Pattern Analysis

Hanxi Guo, Siyuan Cheng, Xiaolong Jin, Zhuo Zhang, Guangyu Shen

Social Genome: Grounded Social Reasoning Abilities of Multimodal Models

Leena Mathur, Marian Qian, Paul Pu Liang, Louis-Philippe Morency

Balcony: A Lightweight Approach to Dynamic Inference of Generative Language Models

Benyamin Jamialahmadi, Parsa Kavehzadeh, Mehdi Rezagholizadeh, Parsa Farinneya, Hossein Rajabzadeh

Pixels Versus Priors: Controlling Knowledge Priors in Vision-Language Models through Visual Counterfacts

Michal Golovanevsky, William Rudman, Michael A. Lepori, Amir Bar, Ritambhara Singh

Subjective Behaviors and Preferences in LLM: Language of Browsing

Sai Sundaresan, Harshita Chopra, Atanu R. Sinha, Koustava Goswami, Nagasai Saketh Naidu

Code Execution as Grounded Supervision for LLM Reasoning

Dongwon Jung, Wenxuan Zhou, Muhao Chen

Beyond Text: Unveiling Privacy Vulnerabilities in Multi-modal Retrieval-Augmented Generation

Jiankun Zhang, Shenglai Zeng, Jie Ren, Tianqi Zheng, Hui LIU

Improving Zero-shot Sentence Decontextualisation with Content Selection and Planning

Zhenyun Deng, Yulong Chen, Andreas Vlachos

LASER: An LLM-based ASR Scoring and Evaluation Rubric

Amruta Parulekar, Preethi Jyothi

PrimeX: A Dataset of Worldview, Opinion, and Explanation

Rik Koncel-Kedziorski, Brihi Joshi, Tim Paek

Hidden in Plain Sight: Reasoning in Underspecified and Misspecified Scenarios for Multimodal LLMs

Qianqi Yan, Hongquan Li, Shan Jiang, Yang Zhao, Xinze Guan

Beyond Outlining: Heterogeneous Recursive Planning for Adaptive Long-form Writing with Language Models

Ruibin Xiong, Yimeng Chen, Dmitrii Khizbullin, Mingchen Zhuge, Jürgen Schmidhuber

Personality Vector: Modulating Personality of Large Language Models by Model Merging

Seungjong Sun, Seo Yeon Baek, Jang Hyun Kim

MERMAID: Multi-perspective Self-reflective Agents with Generative Augmentation for Emotion Recognition

Zhongyu Yang, Junhao Song, Siyang Song, Wei Pang, Yingfang Yuan

Hanfu-Bench: A Multimodal Benchmark on Cross-Temporal Cultural Understanding and Transcreation

Li Zhou, Lutong Yu, Dongchu Xie, Shaohuan Cheng, Wenyan Li

TFDP: Token-Efficient Disparity Audits for Autoregressive LLMs via Single-Token Masked Evaluation

Inderjeet Singh, Ramya Srinivasan, Roman Vainshtein, Hisashi Kojima

Large Language Models Meet Knowledge Graphs for Question Answering: Synthesis and Opportunities

Chuangtao Ma, Yongrui Chen, Tianxing Wu, Arijit Khan, Haofen Wang

AdaSteer: Your Aligned LLM is Inherently an Adaptive Jailbreak Defender

Weixiang Zhao, Jiahe Guo, Yulin Hu, Yang Deng, An Zhang

Mitigating the Privacy Issues in Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) via Pure Synthetic Data

Shenglai Zeng, Jiankun Zhang, Pengfei He, Jie Ren, Tianqi Zheng

From Word to World: Evaluate and Mitigate Culture Bias in LLMs via Word Association Test

Xunlian Dai, Li Zhou, Benyou Wang, Haizhou Li

Reframe Your Life Story: Interactive Narrative Therapist and Innovative Moment Assessment with Large Language Models

Yi Feng, Jiaqi Wang, Wenxuan Zhang, Zhuang Chen, Shen Yutong

Temporal Scaling Law for Large Language Models

Yizhe Xiong, Xiansheng Chen, Xin Ye, Hui Chen, Zijia Lin

Evaluation and Facilitation of Online Discussions in the LLM Era: A Survey

Katerina Korre, Dimitris Tsirmpas, Nikos Gkoumas, Emma Cabalé, Danai Myrtzani

Improving Large Language Models Function Calling and Interpretability via Guided-Structured Templates

Hy Dang, Tianyi Liu, Zhuofeng Wu, Jingfeng Yang, Haoming Jiang

Towards a Holistic and Automated Evaluation Framework for Multi-Level Comprehension of LLMs in Book-Length Contexts

Yuho Lee, Jiaqi Deng, Nicole Hee-Yeon Kim, Hyangsuk Min, Taewon Yun

Composable Cross-prompt Essay Scoring by Merging Models

Sanwoo Lee, Kun Liang, Yunfang Wu

Hallucination Detection in LLMs Using Spectral Features of Attention Maps

Jakub Binkowski, Denis Janiak, Albert Sawczyn, Bogdan Gabrys, Tomasz Jan Kajdanowicz

Logos as a Well-Tempered Pre-train for Sign Language Recognition

Ilya Ovodov, Petr Surovtsev, Karina Kvanchiani, Alexander Kapitanov, Alexander Nagaev

From Language to Cognition: How LLMs Outgrow the Human Language Network

Badr AlKhamissi, Greta Tuckute, Yingtian Tang, Taha Osama A Binhuraib, Antoine Bosselut

Sketch-of-Thought: Efficient LLM Reasoning with Adaptive Cognitive-Inspired Sketching

Simon A. Aytes, Jinheon Baek, Sung Ju Hwang

NEXUS: Network Exploration for eXploiting Unsafe Sequences in Multi-Turn LLM Jailbreaks

Javad Rafiei Asl, Sidhant Narula, Mohammad Ghasemigol, Eduardo Blanco, Daniel Takabi

Memory-QA: Answering Recall Questions Based on Multimodal Memories

Hongda Jiang, Xinyuan Zhang, Siddhant Garg, Rishab Arora, Shiun-Zu Kuo

Following Length Constraints in Instructions

Weizhe Yuan, Ilia Kulikov, Ping Yu, Kyunghyun Cho, Sainbayar Sukhbaatar

Grounding Multilingual Multimodal LLMs With Cultural Knowledge

Jean de Dieu Nyandwi, Yueqi Song, Simran Khanuja, Graham Neubig

LLMs Don’t Know Their Own Decision Boundaries: The Unreliability of Self-Generated Counterfactual Explanations

Harry Mayne, Ryan Othniel Kearns, Yushi Yang, Andrew M. Bean, Eoin D. Delaney

Socratic-MCTS: Test-Time Visual Reasoning by Asking the Right Questions

David Acuna, Ximing Lu, Jaehun Jung, Hyunwoo Kim, Amlan Kar

VisFinEval: A Scenario-Driven Chinese Multimodal Benchmark for Holistic Financial Understanding

Zhaowei Liu, Xin Guo, Haotian Xia, Lingfeng Zeng, Fangqi Lou

Identifying and Answering Questions with False Assumptions: An Interpretable Approach

Zijie Wang, Eduardo Blanco

What’s in a prompt? Language models encode literary style in prompt embeddings

Raphaël Sarfati, Haley Moller, Toni J.b. Liu, Nicolas Boulle, Christopher Earls

Text Takes Over: A Study of Modality Bias in Multimodal Intent Detection

Ankan Mullick, Saransh Sharma, Abhik Jana, Pawan Goyal

Evaluating the Evaluators: Are readability metrics good measures of readability?

Isabel Cachola, Daniel Khashabi, Mark Dredze

Tokenization and Representation Biases in Multilingual Models on Dialectal NLP Tasks

Vani Kanjirangat, Tanja Samardžić, Ljiljana Dolamic, Fabio Rinaldi

Empowering Math Problem Generation and Reasoning for Large Language Model via Synthetic Data based Continual Learning Framework

Qian Wan, Wangzi Shi, Jintian Feng, Shengyingjie Liu, Luona Wei

Can Large Language Models Be Good Language Teachers?

LiQing Xu, Qiwei Li, Tianshuo Peng, Zuchao Li, Hai Zhao

Scalable and Culturally Specific Stereotype Dataset Construction via Human-LLM Collaboration

Weicheng Ma, John J. Guerrerio, Soroush Vosoughi

Graph-R1: Incentivizing the Zero-Shot Graph Learning Capability in LLMs via Explicit Reasoning

Yicong Wu, Guangyue Lu, Yuan Zuo, Huarong Zhang, Junjie Wu

PLLuM-Align: Polish Preference Dataset for Large Language Model Alignment

Karolina Seweryn, Anna Kołos, Agnieszka Karlińska, Katarzyna Lorenc, Katarzyna Dziewulska

REALM: Recursive Relevance Modeling for LLM-based Document Re-Ranking

Pinhuan Wang, Zhiqiu Xia, Chunhua Liao, Feiyi Wang, Hang Liu

From perception to production: how acoustic invariance facilitates articulatory learning in a self-supervised vocal imitation model

Marvin Lavechin, Thomas Hueber

Audio-Reasoner: Improving Reasoning Capability in Large Audio Language Models

Xie Zhifei, Mingbao Lin, Zihang Liu, Pengcheng Wu, Shuicheng Yan

Robust Adaptation of Large Multimodal Models for Retrieval Augmented Hateful Meme Detection

Jingbiao Mei, Jinghong Chen, Guangyu Yang, Weizhe Lin, Bill Byrne

Query-Focused Retrieval Heads Improve Long-Context Reasoning and Re-ranking

Wuwei Zhang, Fangcong Yin, Howard Yen, Danqi Chen, Xi Ye

Easy as PIE? Identifying Multi-Word Expressions with LLMs

Kai Golan Hashiloni, Ofri Hefetz, Kfir Bar

Grounded Semantic Role Labelling from Synthetic Multimodal Data for Situated Robot Commands

Claudiu Daniel Hromei, Antonio Scaiella, Danilo Croce, Roberto Basili

Rethinking Text-based Protein Understanding: Retrieval or LLM?

Juntong Wu, Zijing Liu, He CAO, Li Hao, Bin Feng

Discriminating Form and Meaning in Multilingual Models with Minimal-Pair ABX Tasks

Maureen de Seyssel, Jie Chi, Skyler Seto, Maartje Ter Hoeve, Masha Fedzechkina

Video2Roleplay: A Multimodal Dataset and Framework for Video-Guided Role-playing Agents

Xueqiao Zhang, Chao Zhang, Jingtao Xu, Yifan Zhu, Xin Shi

In Benchmarks We Trust ... Or Not?

Ine Gevers, Victor De Marez, Jens Van Nooten, Jens Lemmens, Andriy Kosar

Resource-Rational Noisy-Channel Language Processing: Testing the Effect of Algorithmic Constraints on Inferences

Thomas Hikaru Clark, Jacob Hoover Vigly, Edward Gibson, Roger P. Levy

RAcQUEt: Unveiling the Dangers of Overlooked Referential Ambiguity in Visual LLMs

Alberto Testoni, Barbara Plank, Raquel Fernández

DnDScore: Decontextualization and Decomposition for Factuality Verification in Long-Form Text Generation

Miriam Wanner, Benjamin Van Durme, Mark Dredze

Agent-as-Judge for Factual Summarization of Long Narratives

Yeonseok Jeong, Minsoo Kim, Seung-won Hwang, Byung-Hak Kim

Connecting the Knowledge Dots: Retrieval-augmented Knowledge Connection for Commonsense Reasoning

Junho Kim, Soyeon Bak, Mingyu Lee, Minju Hong, Songha Kim

Walk and Read Less: Improving the Efficiency of Vision-and-Language Navigation via Tuning-Free Multimodal Token Pruning

Wenda Qin, Andrea Burns, Bryan A. Plummer, Margrit Betke

Investigating How Pre-training Data Leakage Affects Models’ Reproduction and Detection Capabilities

Masahiro Kaneko, Timothy Baldwin

TAPS: Tool-Augmented Personalisation via Structured Tagging

Ekaterina Taktasheva, Jeff Dalton

What You See is What You Ask: Evaluating Audio Descriptions

Divy Kala, Eshika Khandelwal, Makarand Tapaswi

SLlama: Parameter-Efficient Language Model Architecture for Enhanced Linguistic Competence Under Strict Data Constraints

Victor Adelakun Omolaoye, Babajide Alamu Owoyele, Gerard de Melo

Bridging the Gap Between Molecule and Textual Descriptions via Substructure-aware Alignment

Hyuntae Park, Yeachan Kim, SangKeun Lee

ClimateViz: A Benchmark for Statistical Reasoning and Fact Verification on Scientific Charts

Ruiran Su, Jiasheng Si, Zhijiang Guo, Janet B. Pierrehumbert

Can Large Language Models Translate Spoken-Only Languages through International Phonetic Transcription?

Jiale Chen, Xuelian Dong, Qihao Yang, Wenxiu Xie, Tianyong Hao

Discourse-Driven Code-Switching: Analyzing the Role of Content and Communicative Function in Spanish-English Bilingual Speech

Debasmita Bhattacharya, Juan Junco, Divya Tadimeti, Julia Hirschberg

FLARE: Faithful Logic-Aided Reasoning and Exploration

Erik Arakelyan, Pasquale Minervini, Patrick Lewis, Pat Verga, Isabelle Augenstein

FlashAdventure: A Benchmark for GUI Agents Solving Full Story Arcs in Diverse Adventure Games

Jaewoo Ahn, Junseo Kim, Heeseung Yun, Jaehyeon Son, Dongmin Park

Toward Machine Interpreting: Lessons from Human Interpreting Studies

Matthias Sperber, Maureen de Seyssel, Jiajun Bao, Matthias Paulik

ZERA: Zero-init Instruction Evolving Refinement Agent – From Zero Instructions to Structured Prompts via Principle-based Optimization

Seungyoun Yi, Minsoo Khang, Sungrae Park

Does Context Matter? A Prosodic Comparison of English and Spanish in Monolingual and Multilingual Discourse Settings

Debasmita Bhattacharya, David Sasu, Michela Marchini, Natalie Schluter, Julia Hirschberg

Searching for the Most Human-like Emergent Language

Brendon Boldt, David R. Mortensen

CodeRAG: Finding Relevant and Necessary Knowledge for Retrieval-Augmented Repository-Level Code Completion

Sheng Zhang, Yifan Ding, Shuquan Lian, Shun Song, Hui Li

GER-LLM: Efficient and Effective Geospatial Entity Resolution with Large Language Model

Haojia Zhu, Zhicheng Li, Jiahui Jin

Enhancing LLM-Based Social Bot via an Adversarial Learning Framework

Fanqi Kong, Xiaoyuan Zhang, Xinyu Chen, Yaodong Yang, Song-chun Zhu

How do Language Models Reshape Entity Alignment? A Survey of LM-Driven EA Methods: Advances, Benchmarks, and Future

Zerui Chen, Huiming Fan, Qianyu Wang, Tao He, Ming Liu

Disentangled Information Bottleneck for Adversarial Text Defense

Yidan Xu, Xinghao Yang, Wei Liu, Bao-di Liu, Weifeng Liu